Differences in maternal smoking across successive pregnancies – dose‐dependent relation to BMI z‐score in the offspring: an individual patient data (IPD) meta‐analysis

Uncontrolled family factors may bias the estimation of the association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and offspring body mass index (BMI). The objective was to assess if there is an association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and offspring BMI z‐score independent of factors in the siblings' shared environment and if such association is linear.

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