The evolution and main determinants of productivity in Brazilian electricity distribution 1998-2005: an empirical analysis

En este trabajo se estiman los cambios en la productividad de las empresas de distribucion de electricidad en Brasil utilizando la metodologia DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis). Se utiliza una muestra de 18 empresas para el periodo 1998-2005. Se descomponen las variaciones de la productividad en terminos del cambio tecnico, eficiencia tecnica y efecto de escala. Este ejercicio ayuda a comprender la evolucion de la productividad motivada por los efectos de los cambios regulatorios y estructurales del sector en Brasil en los anos 90. La TFP (Total Factor Productivity) presenta una tasa promedio de evolucion positiva anual del 1,3% para el conjunto de las empresas. El principal factor explicativo es el cambio tecnico con un valor de un 2,1% anual positivo mientras que la eficiencia tecnica contribuye negativamente en un 0,8%. Los resultados parecen indicar que, en terminos generales, los incentivos generados por el proceso de reformas no parecen haber conseguido un comportamiento mas eficiente de las empresas del sector.

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