Effect of Crust and Seed Hydro-alcoholic and Aqueous Extracts and Pulp Hydro-alcoholic Extract of Citrullus colocynthis on Glucose, Insulin and FIRI Level in Insulin Resistant Male Rat's

Aims: The most common use of Citrullus colocynthis is to treat diabetes and decrease blood glucose in Iranian traditional medicine. Due to the effects of fructose on increasing glucose and creating insulin resistant (IR) models, this study aimed to compare the effect of different parts of Citrullus colocynthis extract on insulin resistant of male rats. Methods: In this experimental study, 63 adult male Wistar rats were used. After making IR with fructose 10% induced in drinking water for 8 weeks, the animals were divided into 7 (control, sham, aqueous and hydro-alcoholic extracts of crust and seed and hydro-alcoholic extracts of pulp) groups. After separation of serums, glucose, insulin and insulin resistance index were measured. The results were statistically analyzed by ANOVA and post hoc LSD tests. Results: Hydro-alcoholic extract of crust increased glucose in comparison with control group (p<0.05). Glucose level was decreased in aqueous extract of seed group in comparison with sham group (p<0.05). Weight was increased in aqueous extract of seed group in comparison with control (p<0.01) and sham (p<0.05) groups. Hydro-alcoholic extract of crust leads to decreasing insulin in comparison with sham group (p<0.05). In Hydro-alcoholic extract of seed’s group, insulin level was increased compared with control group (p<0.01). Insulin level was increased in aqueous extract of seed group in comparison with control (p<0.001) and sham (p<0.05) groups. Conclusion: The most effective part of Citrullus colocynthis in treatment of diabetes type II is seed and the most harmful part is crust.

[1]  N. Mahdavi-Shahri,et al.  Comparative study on the effects of type 1 and type 2 diabetes on structural changes and hormonal output of the adrenal cortex in male Wistar rats , 2013, Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders.

[2]  Rajarshi Shahu,et al.  REVIEW ON Citrullus colocynthis , 2013 .

[3]  S. Subramanian,et al.  Beneficial Effects of Citrullus Colocynthis Seeds Extract Studied in Alloxan-induced Diabetic Rats , 2013 .

[4]  A. Ahangarpour,et al.  Antidiabetic Effect of Hydroalcholic Urtica dioica Leaf Extract in Male Rats with Fructose-Induced Insulin Resistance , 2012, Iranian journal of medical sciences.

[5]  A. Ahangarpour,et al.  EFFECT OF CRUST AND SEED'S AQUEOUS EXTRACT AND HYDRO-ALCOHOLIC EXTRACTS OF CRUST, SEED AND PULP OF CITRULLUS COLOCYNTHIS ON LIPID'S FACTORS AND HEPATIC ENZYME IN FRUCTOSE-FED MALE RATS , 2012 .

[6]  R. Rahimi,et al.  A review on Citrullus colocynthis Schrad.: from traditional Iranian medicine to modern phytotherapy. , 2012, Journal of alternative and complementary medicine.

[7]  S. Hemalatha,et al.  An overview on antidiabetic medicinal plants having insulin mimetic property. , 2012, Asian Pacific journal of tropical biomedicine.

[8]  G. Ferns,et al.  Selection of the appropriate method for the assessment of insulin resistance , 2011, BMC medical research methodology.

[9]  A. Ahangarpour,et al.  EFFECT OF CYPERUS ROTUNDUS RHIZOMES ON BLOOD GLUCOSE, LIPID, INSULIN AND HEPATIC ENZYMES IN INSULIN RESISTANCE MODEL OF MALE RATS , 2011 .

[10]  S. Seneff,et al.  Is the metabolic syndrome caused by a high fructose, and relatively low fat, low cholesterol diet? , 2011, Archives of medical science : AMS.

[11]  J. K.A.  Antioxidant Effect Of Citrullus Colocynthis On Alloxan Induced Diabetic Rats , 2011 .

[12]  A. Ahangarpour,et al.  The effects of Cassia italica leaves aqueous extract on non-pregnant uterus contraction in rats. , 2010 .

[13]  A. Nishiyama,et al.  Possible contribution of the non‐proteolytic activation of prorenin to the development of insulin resistance in fructose‐fed rats , 2009, Experimental physiology.

[14]  A. Ahangarpour,et al.  Vasorelaxant and hypotensive effects of Allium cepa peel hydroalcoholic extract in rat. , 2008, Pakistan journal of biological sciences : PJBS.

[15]  Yun Zhang,et al.  Overexpression of TRB3 gene in adipose tissue of rats with high fructose-induced metabolic syndrome. , 2008, Endocrine journal.

[16]  A. Moghimi,et al.  Hypoglycemic Effect of Aqueous Shallot and Garlic Extracts in Rats with Fructose-Induced Insulin Resistance , 2007, Journal of clinical biochemistry and nutrition.

[17]  H. Yahyavi,et al.  Spasmolytic Activity of Piper Nigrum Fruit Aqueous Extract on Rat Non-Pregnant Uterus , 2007 .

[18]  H. Daradka,et al.  Short and long effects of Citrullus colocynthis L. on reproductive system and fertility in female Spague-Dawley rats. , 2007, Pakistan journal of biological sciences : PJBS.

[19]  M. Morris,et al.  Genetic and dietary interactions: role of angiotensin AT1a receptors in response to a high-fructose diet. , 2007, American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology.

[20]  A. Mahmoudabadi,et al.  The Effect of Citrullus Colocynthis Extract on Preventing/ Reducing Streptozotocin- Induced Diabetes in Rat , 2007 .

[21]  F. Dehghani,et al.  The Toxic Effect of Alcoholic Extract of Citrullus colocynthis on Rat Liver , 2006 .

[22]  P. Hsieh,et al.  Functional interaction of AT1 and AT2 receptors in fructose-induced insulin resistance and hypertension in rats. , 2005, Metabolism: clinical and experimental.

[23]  G. Dailey.  New strategies for basal insulin treatment in type 2 diabetes mellitus. , 2004, Clinical therapeutics.

[24]  E. Adeghate,et al.  Biochemical effects of Citrullus colocynthis in normal and diabetic rats , 2004, Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry.

[25]  T. Ogihara,et al.  The renin-angiotensin and adrenergic nervous system in cardiac hypertrophy in fructose-fed rats. , 2002, American journal of hypertension.

[26]  M. Raizada,et al.  Gene therapy attenuates the elevated blood pressure and glucose intolerance in an insulin-resistant model of hypertension , 2001, Journal of hypertension.

[27]  M. Ueno,et al.  A high-fructose diet induces insulin resistance but not blood pressure changes in normotensive rats. , 2001, Brazilian journal of medical and biological research = Revista brasileira de pesquisas medicas e biologicas.

[28]  A. Al-Farhan,et al.  Preliminary toxicity study on the individual and combined effects of Citrullus colocynthis and Nerium oleander in rats. , 2000, Fitoterapia.

[29]  I. A. Abdel-Hassan,et al.  The hypoglycaemic and antihyperglycaemic effect of citrullus colocynthis fruit aqueous extract in normal and alloxan diabetic rabbits. , 2000, Journal of ethnopharmacology.

[30]  P. Petit,et al.  Insulinotropic effect of Citrullus colocynthis fruit extracts. , 2000, Planta medica.

[31]  J. McNeill,et al.  Fructose-induced hypertension in rats is concentration- and duration-dependent. , 1995, Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods.

[32]  M. Tabata,et al.  Isolation of an anti-inflammatory principle from the fruit juice of Ecballium elaterium. , 1988, Journal of natural products.

[33]  E. M. Abdel Bari,et al.  The effect of Citrullus colocynthis on sheep. , 1984, Veterinary and human toxicology.