Changes of the conformation of rabbit IgG antibody caused by the specific binding of a hapten. X-ray small-angle studies.

The conformation of rabbit antibody specific for the ρ-azophenyl-β-lactoside group was studied by small-angle X-ray scattering and the effect of interaction with hapten evaluated. The binding of hapten to the antibody caused a change in the conformation of the protein. The experimental findings indicate that the radius of gyration and the volume of the antibody become smaller by 2 to 3% as a result of interaction with hapten when 50% of the combining sites are occupied. Since the typical shape of the scattering curves remains the same it is inferred that the change of conformation consists mainly of a volume contraction whereas the overall shape, which is best described by T-shaped models, is not essentially modified.

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