Oxidative stress as marker of positive symptoms in schizophrenia

Schizophrenia, a serious hereditary disease, is a biological disorder of the brain resulting from abnormalities that arise early in life and disrupt a normal development of the brain. The chemical nature of schizophrenic brain is still not completely understood. The brain and nervous system are particularly prone to free radical damage since the membrane lipids are very rich in polyunsaturated fatty acid chains, and areas of human brain are very rich in iron, which plays an essential role in generating free radical species. Following the hypothesis that chronic schizophrenics are under oxidative stress which has exhausted the ability of their antioxidative capacity to adapt the elevated levels of circulating peroxides, we decided to examine the erythrocyte levels of lipid peroxidation products and reduced glutathione and the activities of antioxidative defence enzymes superoxide dismutase (EC 1.15.1.1), glutathione peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.9) and catalase (EC 1.11.1.6) as well as erythrocyte susceptibility to H2O2-induced oxidative stress in schizophrenic patients. The obtained results suggest a misbalance in pro/antioxidant status of chronic schizophrenics, which is more expressed in patients with positive symptoms of the disease.

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