In this paper, the performance of safety management in building construction in China is summarily analyzed. Considered the factors of the underlying causes of the construction safety accidents including staff, equipment, material, technique and circumstance, and combined with the latest study achievement of construction safety management at home and abroad, the underlying causes of poor safety management and the frequency of construction-related accidents existing currently are to be studied through investigation at site, studying cases, questionnaire and interviewing experts etc. Based on this, the quantitative criterion system of safety management evaluation on construction site is built, and an SVM-based dynamic monitoring model is proposed, then the safety condition of the construction site can be predicted with evaluation criterion system and the SVM-based dynamic monitoring model. After proved at three construction sites, the model and monitoring system are applied to construction safety management of engineering for precontrolling, and the result shows the method is effective. Then a new approach to construction safety management is put forward.