Wide-area oscillation damping in low-inertia grids under time-varying communication delays

Abstract Wide-Area Control (WAC) can be efficiently used for oscillation damping in power systems. However, to implement a WAC, a communication network is required to transmit signals between the generation units and the control center. In turn, this makes WAC vulnerable to time-varying communication delays that, if not appropriately considered in the control design, can destabilize the system. Moreover, with the increasing integration of renewable energy resources into the grid, usually interfaced via power electronics, power system dynamics are becoming drastically faster and making WAC more vulnerable to communication delays. In this paper, we propose a design procedure for a delay-robust wide-area oscillation damping controller for low-inertia systems. Its performance is illustrated on the well-known Kundur two-area system. The results indicate that the obtained WAC successfully improves the oscillation damping while ensuring robustness against time-varying communication delays.

[1]  Anjan Bose,et al.  Smart grid communication requirements for the high voltage power system , 2011, 2011 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting.

[2]  Manfred Morari,et al.  Stabilization of Large Power Systems Using VSC–HVDC and Model Predictive Control , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery.

[3]  Gabriela Hug,et al.  Stability Analysis of Converter Control Modes in Low-Inertia Power Systems , 2018, 2018 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference Europe (ISGT-Europe).

[4]  Ulrich Münz,et al.  Comparison of H∞, H2, and pole optimization for power system oscillation damping with remote renewable generation , 2016 .

[5]  James L. Kirtley,et al.  High-Fidelity Model Order Reduction for Microgrids Stability Assessment , 2018, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[6]  Hassan K. Khalil,et al.  Singular perturbation methods in control : analysis and design , 1986 .

[7]  Yu Xiaodan,et al.  An improved power system stability criterion with multiple time delays , 2009, 2009 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting.

[8]  Emilia Fridman,et al.  Tutorial on Lyapunov-based methods for time-delay systems , 2014, Eur. J. Control.

[9]  Anjan Bose,et al.  Decentralized Communication and Control Systems for Power System Operation , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid.

[10]  G. J. Rogers.  The application of power system stabilizers to a multigenerator plant , 2000 .

[11]  H. H. Happ,et al.  Power System Control and Stability , 1979, IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics.

[12]  Emilia Fridman,et al.  Stability of systems with fast-varying delay using improved Wirtinger's inequality , 2013, 52nd IEEE Conference on Decision and Control.

[13]  E. Muljadi,et al.  Oscillation damping: A comparison of wind and photovoltaic power plant capabilities , 2014, 2014 IEEE Symposium on Power Electronics and Machines for Wind and Water Applications.

[14]  G. Trudel,et al.  Wide-area monitoring and control at Hydro-Quebec: past, present and future , 2006, 2006 IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting.

[15]  Emilia Fridman,et al.  Introduction to Time-Delay Systems: Analysis and Control , 2014 .

[16]  Emilia Fridman,et al.  Robustness of distributed averaging control in power systems: Time delays & dynamic communication topology , 2017, Autom..

[17]  Gabriela Hug,et al.  Reduced-order modeling of inverter-based generation using hybrid singular perturbation , 2021 .

[18]  OrtegaRomeo,et al.  A survey on modeling of microgrids-From fundamental physics to phasors and voltage sources , 2016 .

[19]  Elias Kyriakides,et al.  Integration of Renewables Into the Wide Area Control Scheme for Damping Power Oscillations , 2018, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[20]  Emilia Fridman,et al.  Conditions for Delay-Robust Consensus-Based Frequency Control in Power Systems with Second-Order Turbine-Governor Dynamics , 2018, 2018 IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (CDC).

[21]  Yong Chen,et al.  A Wide-Area Dynamic Damping Controller Based on Robust H∞ Control for Wide-Area Power Systems With Random Delay and Packet Dropout , 2018, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[22]  Bo Yang,et al.  Damping Factor Based Delay Margin for Wide Area Signals in Power System Damping Control , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[23]  Emilia Fridman,et al.  Stability of a class of delayed port-Hamiltonian systems with application to microgrids with distributed rotational and electronic generation , 2016, Autom..

[24]  Nader Motee,et al.  Wide-Area Control of Power Networks with Time-Delay , 2018 .

[25]  P. Olver.  Nonlinear Systems , 2013 .

[26]  Rolf Findeisen,et al.  Parameter Tuning and Optimal Design of Decentralized Structured Controllers for Power Oscillation Damping in Electrical Networks , 2018, 2018 Annual American Control Conference (ACC).

[27]  Gabriela Hug,et al.  Droop vs. virtual inertia: Comparison from the perspective of converter operation mode , 2018, 2018 IEEE International Energy Conference (ENERGYCON).

[28]  J. Lofberg,et al.  YALMIP : a toolbox for modeling and optimization in MATLAB , 2004, 2004 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37508).

[29]  Chuang Liu,et al.  Oscillation Analysis and Wide-Area Damping Control of DFIGs for Renewable Energy Power Systems Using Line Modal Potential Energy , 2018, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[30]  G. J. Rogers,et al.  Analytical investigation of factors influencing power system stabilizers performance , 1992 .

[31]  Qi Huang,et al.  Delay-Dependent Stability Control for Power System With Multiple Time-Delays , 2016, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[32]  Mihailo R. Jovanovic,et al.  Input-Output Analysis and Decentralized Optimal Control of Inter-Area Oscillations in Power Systems , 2016, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[33]  João Pedro Hespanha,et al.  A Survey of Recent Results in Networked Control Systems , 2007, Proceedings of the IEEE.

[34]  Alexandre Trofino,et al.  Sufficient LMI conditions for output feedback control problems , 1999, IEEE Trans. Autom. Control..

[35]  Frank Allgöwer,et al.  Decentralized state feedback control for interconnected systems with application to power systems , 2014 .

[36]  Rangarajan Parthasarathy,et al.  Delay‐dependent stability analysis of power system considering communication delays , 2017 .

[37]  Michael Chertkov,et al.  Sparsity-Promoting Optimal Wide-Area Control of Power Networks , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[38]  J.J. Sanchez-Gasca,et al.  On the design of robust power system stabilizers , 1989, Proceedings of the 28th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control,.

[39]  Jaafar M. H. Elmirghani,et al.  Stabilising control strategy for cyber-physical power systems , 2019, IET Cyper-Phys. Syst.: Theory & Appl..

[40]  Babu Narayanan,et al.  POWER SYSTEM STABILITY AND CONTROL , 2015 .

[41]  Tongwen Chen,et al.  Wide-Area Control of Power Systems Through Delayed Network Communication , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology.

[42]  Rolf Findeisen,et al.  Controller Tuning for the Improvement of Dynamic Security in Power Systems , 2018, 2018 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference Europe (ISGT-Europe).

[43]  Emilia Fridman,et al.  Distributed Secondary Frequency Control Design for Microgrids: Trading Off L2-Gain Performance and Communication Efforts under Time-Varying Delays , 2018, 2018 European Control Conference (ECC).