Interpretation of Tests for Resistance to Abrasion of Textiles

The resistance to abrasion of sixteen cotton fabrics, which varied systematically in warp and filling yarn number and in ends and picks, was determined with the Schiefer abrasion testing machine, using No. 600A silicon carbide waterproof abrasive paper as the abradant and a total load of 2 lbs. on the specimen in one testing procedure, and a blade abradant and a total load of 20 lbs. on the specimen in a second testing procedure. The rate of abrasion in the first testing procedure was over ten times as great as that in the second. The results for the testing proce dures could be represented very well by the following equations: where R is the number of rotations of the abradant, W is the warp yarn number, F is the filling yarn number, E is the ends per inch, P is the picks per inch, and the other quantities are con stants. It was found that the rankings of the sixteen fabrics were different for the two testing procedures. This difference is due mainly to the fact that a given change in any one construc tion factor does not always result in quantitatively comparable changes in the resistance to abrasion obtained by the two procedures. This sort of difference is obtained, and should be expected, when comparing results of highly accelerated laboratory abrasion tests with results of comparatively slow rates of wear in service or performance tests. The resistance to abrasion of eight other fabrics of intermediate constructions obtained with each abradant agreed very well with the values computed by using the above two equations.