Optimal Transmit Power in Wireless Sensor Networks

Power conservation is one of the most important issues in wireless ad hoc and sensor networks, where nodes are likely to rely on limited battery power. Transmitting at unnecessarily high power not only reduces the lifetime of the nodes and the network, but also introduces excessive interference. It is in the network designer's best interest to have each node transmit at the lowest possible power while preserving network connectivity. In this paper, we investigate the optimal common transmit power, defined as the minimum transmit power used by all nodes necessary to guarantee network connectivity. This is desirable in sensor networks where nodes are relatively simple and it is difficult to modify the transmit power after deployment. The optimal transmit power derived in this paper is subject to the specific routing and medium access control (MAC) protocols considered; however, the approach can be extended to other routing and MAC protocols as well. In deriving the optimal transmit power, we distinguish ourselves from a conventional graph-theoretic approach by taking realistic physical layer characteristics into consideration. In fact, connectivity in this paper is defined in terms of a quality of service (QoS) constraint given by the maximum tolerable bit error rate (BER) at the end of a multihop route with an average number of hops

[1]  Gianluigi Ferrari,et al.  Impact of mobility on the BER performance of multi-hop ad hoc wireless networks , 2004, IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference, 2004. GLOBECOM '04..

[2]  Gianluigi Ferrari,et al.  Optimal common transmit power in ad hoc wireless networks , 2005, PCCC 2005. 24th IEEE International Performance, Computing, and Communications Conference, 2005..

[3]  Srikanth V. Krishnamurthy,et al.  Distributed power control in ad-hoc wireless networks , 2001, 12th IEEE International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications. PIMRC 2001. Proceedings (Cat. No.01TH8598).

[4]  Theodore S. Rappaport,et al.  Wireless communications - principles and practice , 1996 .

[5]  Gianluigi Ferrari,et al.  Route reservation in ad hoc networks: is it a good idea? , 2005, IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference, 2005.

[6]  G. Ferrari,et al.  Is the number of neighbors in ad hoc wireless networks a good indicator of connectivity? , 2004, International Zurich Seminar on Communications, 2004.

[7]  Radha Poovendran,et al.  Maximizing static network lifetime of wireless broadcast ad hoc networks , 2003, IEEE International Conference on Communications, 2003. ICC '03..

[8]  Leandros Tassiulas,et al.  Energy conserving routing in wireless ad-hoc networks , 2000, Proceedings IEEE INFOCOM 2000. Conference on Computer Communications. Nineteenth Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies (Cat. No.00CH37064).

[9]  Robert Tappan Morris,et al.  Span: An Energy-Efficient Coordination Algorithm for Topology Maintenance in Ad Hoc Wireless Networks , 2001, MobiCom '01.

[10]  Christian Bettstetter,et al.  How to achieve a connected ad hoc network with homogeneous range assignment: an analytical study with consideration of border effects , 2002, 4th International Workshop on Mobile and Wireless Communications Network.

[11]  Ivan Stojmenovic,et al.  Ad hoc Networking , 2004 .

[12]  Halim Yanikomeroglu,et al.  Multihop diversity in wireless relaying channels , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Communications.

[13]  S. Panichpapiboon,et al.  Sensor networks with random versus uniform topology: MAC and interference considerations , 2004, 2004 IEEE 59th Vehicular Technology Conference. VTC 2004-Spring (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37514).

[14]  Nicholas Bambos,et al.  Power-controlled matiple access schemes for next-generation wireless packet networks , 2002, IEEE Wireless Communications.

[15]  Gianluigi Ferrari,et al.  A Communication-Theoretic Approach to Ad Hoc Wireless Networking , 2006, 2006 3rd Annual IEEE Communications Society on Sensor and Ad Hoc Communications and Networks.

[16]  Tamer A. ElBatt,et al.  Joint scheduling and power control for wireless ad hoc networks , 2002, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications.

[17]  Gianluigi Ferrari,et al.  Ad Hoc Wireless Networks: A Communication-Theoretic Perspective , 2006 .

[18]  Vaduvur Bharghavan,et al.  A power controlled multiple access protocol for wireless packet networks , 2001, Proceedings IEEE INFOCOM 2001. Conference on Computer Communications. Twentieth Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Society (Cat. No.01CH37213).

[19]  Teresa H. Meng,et al.  Minimum energy mobile wireless networks , 1998, ICC '98. 1998 IEEE International Conference on Communications. Conference Record. Affiliated with SUPERCOMM'98 (Cat. No.98CH36220).

[20]  N. Wisitpongphan,et al.  QoS provisioning using BER-based routing in ad hoc wireless networks , 2005, 2005 IEEE 61st Vehicular Technology Conference.

[21]  Gianluigi Ferrari,et al.  Performance of ad hoc wireless networks with Aloha and PR-CSMA MAC protocol , 2003, GLOBECOM '03. IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37489).

[22]  Norman Abramson,et al.  The Throughput of Packet Broadcasting Channels , 1977, IEEE Trans. Commun..

[23]  Ian F. Akyildiz,et al.  Sensor Networks , 2002, Encyclopedia of GIS.

[24]  Gerard J. Foschini,et al.  A simple distributed autonomous power control algorithm and its convergence , 1993 .

[25]  Ram Ramanathan,et al.  Topology control of multihop wireless networks using transmit power adjustment , 2000, Proceedings IEEE INFOCOM 2000. Conference on Computer Communications. Nineteenth Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies (Cat. No.00CH37064).

[26]  Kwang-Cheng Chen,et al.  Power efficient topology control in wireless ad hoc networks , 2004, 2004 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (IEEE Cat. No.04TH8733).

[27]  Halim Yanikomeroglu,et al.  On the aggregate SNR of amplified relaying channels , 2004, IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference, 2004. GLOBECOM '04..

[28]  Srikanth V. Krishnamurthy,et al.  Power management for throughput enhancement in wireless ad-hoc networks , 2000, 2000 IEEE International Conference on Communications. ICC 2000. Global Convergence Through Communications. Conference Record.

[29]  Gianluigi Ferrari,et al.  MAC protocols and transport capacity in ad hoc wireless networks: Aloha versus PR-CSMA , 2003, IEEE Military Communications Conference, 2003. MILCOM 2003..

[30]  P. R. Kumar,et al.  Power Control in Ad-Hoc Networks: Theory, Architecture, Algorithm and Implementation of the COMPOW Protocol , 2002 .

[31]  Gianluigi Ferrari,et al.  Physical Layer-Constrained Routing in Ad-hoc Wireless Networks : A Modified AODV Protocol with Power Control , .

[32]  Jie Wu,et al.  Computation of minimal uniform transmission power in ad hoc wireless networks , 2003, 23rd International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems Workshops, 2003. Proceedings..

[33]  M. J. Riezenman,et al.  Wireless broadband in a box , 2002 .

[34]  Rene L. Cruz,et al.  Optimal routing, link scheduling and power control in multihop wireless networks , 2003, IEEE INFOCOM 2003. Twenty-second Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37428).

[35]  Li Li,et al.  Distributed topology control for power efficient operation in multihop wireless ad hoc networks , 2001, Proceedings IEEE INFOCOM 2001. Conference on Computer Communications. Twentieth Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Society (Cat. No.01CH37213).

[36]  Gerhard Fettweis,et al.  European Wireless 2002 Next Generation Wireless Networks: Technologies, Protocols, Services and Applications , 2002 .

[37]  P. K. Chaturvedi,et al.  Communication Systems , 2002, IFIP — The International Federation for Information Processing.