Seaweed Extracts as Substitutes of Synthetic Hormones for Rooting Promotion in Rose Cuttings

In the horticultural sector, the achievement of an efficient and eco-friendly sustainable production of plants is nowadays challenging. Indeed, in plant vegetative propagation of woody ornamentals, the substitution of chemical products used to promote rooting of cuttings with natural extracts would be a desirable goal. Thus, the aim of this work was to test the replacement of synthetic phytoregulators, such as auxins and brassinosteroids, with biostimulants, such as seaweed extracts, for the rooting promotion of rose cuttings. The rooting rate and biometric parameters of control cuttings treated with distilled water were compared with those of cuttings treated with synthetic hormones, i.e., auxins or 22(S),23(S)-homobrassinolide, or two commercial products based on low temperature seaweed extracts, i.e., Kelpak® and Phylgreen. Two scented hybrid tea rose cultivars were used to assess possible genotype-dependent effects, i.e., ‘Michelangelo®’ and ‘Cosmos®’. Auxins confirmed their role in root growth enhancement in ornamental plant cuttings. Like these phytoregulators, Kelpak® improved the survival rate and root biometric parameters of both rose cuttings, highlighting its suitability for the replacement of synthetic products used for rooting promotion in rose propagation. Brassinosteroids showed a species-dependent effect, increasing the root biomass in ‘Cosmos®’ while it resulted as distilled water in ‘Michelangelo®’. Phylgreen did not improve the rooting of both rose cuttings, highlighting the necessity of evaluating the applicability and methodology for this product before its use. In conclusions, our results highlighted the possibility to replace chemical products in rose cutting production.

[1]  J. Cardoso,et al.  Innovation in Propagation and Cultivation of Ornamental Plants , 2022, Horticulturae.

[2]  Szilvia Kisvarga,et al.  Effects of Biostimulants in Horticulture, with Emphasis on Ornamental Plant Production , 2022 .

[3]  Zsolt Szekely-Varga,et al.  Efficacy of Different Concentrations of NAA on Selected Ornamental Woody Shrubs Cuttings , 2021, Horticulturae.

[4]  B. Gonçalves,et al.  Recent Advances in the Molecular Effects of Biostimulants in Plants: An Overview , 2021, Biomolecules.

[5]  A. Critchley,et al.  Application of Ascophyllum nodosum-Based Soluble Extract on Micropropagation and Regeneration of Nicotiana benthamiana and Prunus domestica , 2021, Plants.

[6]  C. Bellini,et al.  Adventitious Rooting in Populus Species: Update and Perspectives , 2021, Frontiers in Plant Science.

[7]  M. Zajączkowska,et al.  The Effect of Brassinosteroids on Rootting of Stem Cuttings in Two Barberry (Berberis thunbergii L.) Cultivars , 2021, Agronomy.

[8]  A. Ramsubhag,et al.  Biostimulant Properties of Seaweed Extracts in Plants: Implications towards Sustainable Crop Production , 2021, Plants.

[9]  D. Piacentini,et al.  Jasmonates, Ethylene and Brassinosteroids Control Adventitious and Lateral Rooting as Stress Avoidance Responses to Heavy Metals and Metalloids , 2021, Biomolecules.

[10]  F. Ochoa-Corona,et al.  Facing Rose rosette virus : A risk to European rose cultivation , 2020, Plant Pathology.

[11]  T. Winkelmann,et al.  Genetic analysis of adventitious root formation in vivo and in vitro in a diversity panel of roses , 2020 .

[12]  A. Mukherjee,et al.  Seaweed and Associated Products: Natural Biostimulant for Improvement of Plant Health , 2020 .

[13]  C. Fleming,et al.  Biostimulants enhance growth and drought tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana and exhibit chemical priming action , 2019, Annals of Applied Biology.

[14]  Marija Špoljarević,et al.  Biostimulants research in some horticultural plant species—A review , 2018, Food and Energy Security.

[15]  D. Geelen,et al.  Developing Biostimulants From Agro-Food and Industrial By-Products , 2018, Front. Plant Sci..

[16]  E. Gomes,et al.  Brown seaweed extract enhances rooting and roots growth on Passiflora actinia Hook stem cuttings , 2018, Ornamental Horticulture.

[17]  Yamilet Coll-García,et al.  In silico identification of new potentially active brassinosteroid analogues , 2018, Steroids.

[18]  M. Mazourek,et al.  A Sustainable Agricultural Future Relies on the Transition to Organic Agroecological Pest Management , 2018, Sustainability.

[19]  Mateusz Majda,et al.  The Role of Auxin in Cell Wall Expansion , 2018, International journal of molecular sciences.

[20]  K. Chojnacka,et al.  Algae As Fertilizers, Biostimulants, and Regulators of Plant Growth , 2018 .

[21]  Zhiming Liu,et al.  Effects of IBA on the rooting of branch cuttings of Chinese jujube (Zizyphus jujuba Mill.) and changes to nutrients and endogenous hormones , 2018, Journal of Forestry Research.

[22]  K. Ngamau,et al.  Effects of cutting position of rose rootstock cultivars on rooting and its relationship with mineral nutrient content and endogenous carbohydrates , 2017 .

[23]  B. Vardhini Modifications of morphological and anatomical characteristics of plants by application of brassinosteroids under various abiotic stress conditions - A review , 2017 .

[24]  F. Cao,et al.  Mechanisms Underlying the Regulation of Root Formation in Malus hupehensis Stem Cuttings by Using Exogenous Hormones , 2017, Journal of Plant Growth Regulation.

[25]  E. Heuvelink,et al.  Propagation by Cuttings , 2016 .

[26]  E. Farazi,et al.  EFFECT OF DIFFERENT CONCENTRATIONS OF BRASSINOSTEROID ON PHYSIOMORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF FIVE PISTACHIO GENOTYPES (PISTACIA VERA. L) , 2015 .

[27]  J. van Staden,et al.  Seaweed-Derived Biostimulant (Kelpak®) Influences Endogenous Cytokinins and Bioactive Compounds in Hydroponically Grown Eucomis autumnalis , 2015, Journal of Plant Growth Regulation.

[28]  M. Strnad,et al.  Abscisic acid, gibberellins and brassinosteroids in Kelpak®, a commercial seaweed extract made from Ecklonia maxima , 2014, Journal of Applied Phycology.

[29]  J. Sibley,et al.  Methods of Auxin Application in Cutting Propagation: A Review of 70 Years of Scientific Discovery and Commercial Practice , 2007 .

[30]  A. Riaz,et al.  RESPONSE OF DIFFERENT ROSE SPECIES TO DIFFERENT ROOT PROMOTING HORMONES , 2002 .

[31]  F. Al-Saqri Effects of IBA, cutting type and rooting media on rooting of Rosa centifolia , 1996 .