The Use of Blogs in Learning English as a Foreign Language.

Accepted: 30.03.2014 Within the context of English as a foreign language (EFL), using blogs has emerged as a language learning tool. However, how teachers effectively incorporate blogs within the confines of an instructional framework and what the current research shows about using blogs as a learning tool remain unsolved issues. Thus, the current paper presents a review of the research on the use of blogs in EFL learning contexts. The study first introduces blogs and a theoretical framework for the use of blogs within the borders of the constructivist approach. Then, in accordance with the studies reviewed, the research is divided into the following five sections: effects on (1) the awareness of the target culture, (2) interaction and communication, (3) basic language skills, (4) learners’ motivation, perceptions and attitudes, and (5) autonomous learning. In conclusion, while the current literature reflects that using blogs is a valuable and effective technique that can be readily used in the context of EFL, more research is necessary. Finally, the paper ends with practical recommendations for EFL teachers and researchers.

[1]  M. G. Jones,et al.  The Impact of Constructivism on Education: Language, Discourse, and Meaning , 2002 .

[2]  Denise J. Johnson Teaching with Authors' Blogs: Connections, Collaboration, Creativity. , 2010 .

[3]  K. Subrahmanyam,et al.  In their words: connecting on-line weblogs to developmental processes. , 2009, The British journal of developmental psychology.

[4]  Elizabeth Kahn Building Fires: Raising Achievement through Class Discussion. , 2007 .

[5]  Ilknur Istifci Opinions of Elementary Level EFL Learners on the Use of Weblogs , 2011 .

[6]  Daniel A. Castañeda The Effects of Instruction Enhanced by Video/Photo Blogs and Wikis on Learning the Distinctions of the Spanish Preterite and Imperfect , 2011 .

[7]  Meg L. Gebhard,et al.  Blogging and Emergent L2 Literacy Development in an Urban Elementary School: A Functional Perspective , 2011 .

[8]  Matthew Absalom,et al.  Reflecting on reflection , 2011 .

[9]  Matthew S. Eastin,et al.  Handbook of Research on Digital Media and Advertising: User Generated Content Consumption , 2010 .

[10]  Androula Yiakoumetti,et al.  Weblogs: a tool for EFL interaction, expression, and self-evaluation , 2011 .

[11]  Mark Warschauer,et al.  Emerging Technologies in Adult Literacy and Language Education. , 2010 .

[12]  Marilyn A. Dyrud,et al.  Blogging for Enhanced Teaching and Learning , 2005 .

[13]  Bertha Leiva de Izquierdo,et al.  Effectiveness of Blogging to Practice Reading at a Freshman EFL Program , 2009 .

[14]  Doris Dippold Peer feedback through blogs: Student and teacher perceptions in an advanced german class , 2009, ReCALL.

[15]  Camilla Vásquez,et al.  Web 2.0 and Second Language Learning: What Does the Research Tell Us? , 2012 .

[16]  Anna Comas-Quinn,et al.  Mobile blogs in language learning: making the most of informal and situated learning opportunities , 2009, ReCALL.

[17]  Kristi Jauregi,et al.  Virtual interaction through video-web communication: A step towards enriching and internationalizing language learning programs , 2008, ReCALL.

[18]  Berhane Teclehaimanot,et al.  Student-Teacher Interaction on Facebook: What Students Find Appropriate , 2011 .

[19]  Lina Lee Fostering reflective writing and interactive exchange through blogging in an advanced language course , 2010, ReCALL.

[20]  Cheng-Yi Wu,et al.  Blogs in TEFL: A New Promising Vehicle * , 2006 .

[21]  Lina Lee,et al.  Promoting intercultural exchanges with blogs and podcasting: a study of Spanish–American telecollaboration , 2009 .

[22]  Lotta Larson,et al.  Technology Instruction: Fixing the Disconnect. , 2009 .

[23]  Lina Lee Engaging Study Abroad Students in Intercultural Learning Through Blogging and Ethnographic Interviews , 2012 .

[24]  Joyce Seitzinger Be Constructive: Blogs, Podcasts, and Wikis as Constructivist Learning Tools , 2006 .

[25]  Marielle S. Palombo Teaching Persuasive Writing with a Class Blog: An Exploratory Study in an Urban Sixth Grade Classroom , 2011 .

[26]  Shek Kam Tse,et al.  The impact of blogging on Hong Kong primary school students' bilingual reading literacy , 2010 .

[27]  Liam Murray,et al.  Blogs for specific purposes: Expressivist or socio-cognitivist approach? , 2008, ReCALL.

[28]  Yu-Jung Chang,et al.  BLOGGING TO LEARN: BECOMING EFL ACADEMIC WRITERS THROUGH COLLABORATIVE DIALOGUES , 2012 .

[29]  Terry Anderson,et al.  Learning Outcomes and Students' Perceptions of Online Writing: Simultaneous Implementation of a Forum, Blog, and Wiki in an EFL Blended Learning Setting. , 2010 .

[30]  Ru-Chu Shih,et al.  Blended learning using video-based blogs: Public speaking for English as a second language students , 2010 .

[31]  Soraya García-Sánchez,et al.  Bridging the language and cultural gaps: the use of blogs , 2012 .

[32]  T. Pica Questions From the Language Classroom: Research Perspectives , 1994 .

[34]  Hui-Yin Hsu Preparing teachers to teach literacy in responsive ways that capitalize on students' cultural and linguistic backgrounds through weblog technology , 2006 .

[35]  Language-in-education planning: the use of emergent Web 2.0 genres in the south of Italy , 2009 .

[36]  Yu-Chih Sun,et al.  Examining the Effectiveness of Extensive Speaking Practice via Voice Blogs in a Foreign Language Learning Context , 2012 .

[37]  Catherine Chapman,et al.  Emerging Communities at BBC Learning English , 2008 .

[38]  Ru-Chu Shih,et al.  Adoption of blogging by a Chinese language composition class in a vocational high school in Taiwan , 2010 .

[39]  Richard G. Kern Perspectives on Technology in Learning and Teaching Languages , 2006 .

[40]  Jin-Shan Chen,et al.  A Critical Reflection on Integrating Informational Technology into EFL Curriculum: An EFL Teacher's Inquiry. , 2011 .

[41]  Alexia Gaudeul,et al.  Reciprocal Attention and Norm of Reciprocity in Blogging Networks , 2010 .

[42]  Martine Peters,et al.  To Like or Not to Like! Student Perceptions of Technological Activities for Learning French as a Second Language at Five Canadian Universities , 2009 .

[43]  Vance Stevens,et al.  Writingmatrix: Connecting Students with Blogs, Tags, and Social Networking , 2008 .

[44]  Dong-shin Shin,et al.  A Blog-Mediated Curriculum for Teaching Academic Genres in an Urban Classroom: Second Grade ELL Students’ Emergent Pathways to Literacy Development , 2009 .

[45]  Selami Aydin,et al.  A review of research on Facebook as an educational environment , 2012 .

[46]  Monica Divitini,et al.  Identity, sense of community and connectedness in a community of mobile language learners , 2008, ReCALL.

[47]  Hyung Nam Kim,et al.  Model of blogging structure for intercultural communication environments in higher education , 2012, Interact. Learn. Environ..

[48]  Recep S. Arslan,et al.  How can the use of blog software facilitate the writing process of English language learners? , 2010 .

[49]  Annick Rivens mompean,et al.  The development of meaningful interactions on a blog used for the learning of English as a Foreign Language , 2010, ReCALL.

[50]  Mike Levy,et al.  Materials Development in Three Italian CALL Projects: Seeking an Optimal Mix Between In-Class and Out-Of-Class Learning , 2010 .

[51]  Kathleen C. West Weblogs and Literary Response: Socially Situated Identities and Hybrid Social Languages in English Class Blogs , 2008 .

[52]  Reza Hajizadeh A Weblog as a Tool for Reflection for English Language Learners. , 2011 .

[53]  Marcy P. Driscoll,et al.  Psychology of Learning for Instruction (3rd ed. , 2005 .

[54]  Steven L. Thorne,et al.  "Bridging Activities," New Media Literacies, and Advanced Foreign Language Proficiency , 2013 .

[55]  Chelo De Andrés Martí-nez,et al.  Developing metacognition at a distance: sharing students’ learning strategies on a reflective blog , 2012 .

[56]  J. Miller,et al.  The gang's all here: Grammar goes global for Purdue, UNISA and Adelaide University , 2010 .

[57]  Bob Goodwin-Jones,et al.  Blogs and Wikis: Environments for On-Line Collaboration. , 2003 .

[58]  Claire Fiona Kennedy,et al.  Using an L2 blog to enhance learners' participation and sense of community , 2010 .

[59]  L. S. Vygotksy Mind in society: the development of higher psychological processes , 1978 .

[60]  D. Reinking,et al.  Using Blogs to Promote Literary Response during Professional Development , 2012 .

[61]  Joanne Jacobs,et al.  Communication Over Exposure: The Rise of Blogs as a Product of Cybervoyeurism , 2003 .

[62]  Hui-Yin Hsu,et al.  Using audioblogs to assist English-language learning: an investigation into student perception , 2008 .

[63]  Joel Bloch,et al.  ABDULLAH'S BLOGGING: A GENERATION 1.5 STUDENT ENTERS THE BLOGOSPHERE , 2007 .

[64]  Yu-Chih Sun,et al.  Developing reflective cyber communities in the blogosphere: a case study in Taiwan higher education , 2010 .

[65]  Mirjam Hauck,et al.  Telecollaboration in multimodal environments: the impact on task design and learner interaction , 2008 .

[66]  Sarah Pasfield-Neofitou,et al.  ONLINE DOMAINS OF LANGUAGE USE: SECOND LANGUAGE LEARNERS' EXPERIENCES OF VIRTUAL COMMUNITY AND FOREIGNNESS , 2011 .

[67]  C. Melin,et al.  Going Contemporary in the Intermediate-Advanced Curriculum , 2008 .

[68]  M. Hauck Critical success factors in a TRIDEM exchange , 2007 .

[69]  Mark Warschauer,et al.  Emerging Technologies for Autonomous Language Learning , 2011 .

[70]  Isabela Villas Boas Process Writing and the Internet: Blogs and Ning Networks in the Classroom. , 2011 .

[71]  Robert Godwin-Jones,et al.  Web-Writing 2.0: Enabling, Documenting, and Assessing Writing Online. , 2008 .

[72]  J. E. Clark,et al.  New Worlds of Errors and Expectations: Basic Writers and Digital Assumptions. , 2009 .

[73]  Lina Lee Blogging: Promoting Learner Autonomy and Intercultural Competence through Study Abroad , 2011 .

[74]  Jamey Gallagher "As Y'all Know": Blog as Bridge , 2010 .

[75]  Hsien-Chin Liou,et al.  Training Effects on Computer-Mediated Peer Review. , 2009 .

[76]  Kemboja Ismail,et al.  Using blogs to encourage ESL students to write constructively in English , 2009 .

[77]  Yonca Özkan Blogging in a teaching skills course for pre-service teachers of English as a second language , 2011 .

[78]  Richard E. Ferdig,et al.  Editorial: Examining Social Software in Teacher Education , 2007 .

[79]  Doris de Almeida Soares Understanding class blogs as a tool for language development , 2008 .

[80]  Casa Thomas Jefferson,et al.  Blogging in the Language Classroom: It Doesn't "Simply Happen" , 2008 .

[81]  Steven L. Thorne,et al.  Evolutionary Trajectories, Internet-Mediated Expression, and Language Education , 2013 .

[82]  Maha Al-Yahya,et al.  Using Web Blogs as a tool to Encourage pre-class Reading, post-class Reflections and Collaboration in Higher Education , 2010 .

[83]  Yu-Feng Yang,et al.  Learner Interpretations of Shared Space in Multilateral English Blogging. , 2011 .

[84]  Dilip S. Mutum,et al.  Consumer Generated Advertising in Blogs , 2010 .

[85]  Yu-Chih Sun,et al.  VOICE BLOG: AN EXPLORATORY STUDY OF LANGUAGE LEARNING , 2009 .

[86]  Liam Murray,et al.  Using blogs to help language students to develop reflective learning strategies: Towards a pedagogical framework , 2010 .

[87]  Lara L. Lomicka,et al.  Exploring the blogosphere:: Use of web logs in the foreign language classroom. , 2005 .

[88]  Ursula Stickler,et al.  CyberDeutsch: Language Production and User Preferences in a Moodle Virtual Learning Environment. , 2010 .

[89]  Annette Rasmussen Siegfried the Dragonslayer Meets the Web: Using Digital Media for Developing Historical Awareness and Advanced Language and Critical Thinking Skills. , 2011 .

[90]  Yu-Chih Sun,et al.  Extensive writing in foreign‐language classrooms: a blogging approach , 2010 .

[91]  Idoia Elola,et al.  Blogging: Fostering Intercultural Competence Development in Foreign Language and Study Abroad Contexts , 2008 .

[92]  David Eberhardt Facing up to Facebook , 2007 .

[93]  Shelbie D. Witte,et al.  “That's Online Writing, Not Boring School Writing”: Writing With Blogs and the Talkback Project , 2007 .

[94]  Oscar Retterer,et al.  Blogging as L2 Writing: A Case Study , 2008 .

[95]  Robert Godwin-Jones Tag Clouds in the Blogosphere: Electronic Literacy and Social Networking , 2006 .

[96]  Steven L. Thorne,et al.  Web 2.0, Synthetic Immersive Environments, and Mobile Resources for Language Education , 2013 .

[97]  Zeynep Koçoğlu,et al.  Effects of Peer E-Feedback on Turkish EFL Students' Writing Performance , 2012 .

[98]  Lara C. Ducate1,et al.  Adventures in the blogosphere: from blog readers to blog writers , 2008 .

[99]  Neriko Musha Doerr,et al.  Modes of governmentality in an online space: a case study of blog activities in an advanced level Japanese‐as‐a‐Foreign‐Language classroom , 2011 .

[100]  Shao-Ting Alan Hung,et al.  Pedagogical applications of Vlogs: An investigation into ESP learners' perceptions , 2011, Br. J. Educ. Technol..

[101]  Shih-Hsien Yang,et al.  Using Blogs to Enhance Critical Reflection and Community of Practice , 2009, J. Educ. Technol. Soc..