Approach for determination of ATP:ADP molar ratio in mixed solution by surface-enhanced Raman scattering.

The ATP:ADP molar ratio is an important physiological factor. However, in previous literatures, ATP and ADP could not be distinguished by Raman spectroscopy due to the high similarity of molecular structure. To challenge this problem, also considering that the γ phosphate group may interact with adenine group and cause a different variation of the Raman spectrum than that of ADP, a highly sensitive, low-cost, environment protecting, flexible and super-hydrophobic Au nanoparticles/cicada wing (Au/CW) substrate with three-dimension structure was fabricated and employed as an active surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate to detect the ATP:ADP molar ratios. The concentration as low as 10(-8)M for ATP and ADP was analyzed to determine the limit of detection. This SERS study on various ATP:ADP molar ratios demonstrates that ATP:ADP could be distinguished and the quantitative determination of ATP content was achieved. Moreover, a principle was speculated based on the molecular structures of ATP and ADP of the Raman peaks centered at ~685 and ~731cm(-1) to explain the linear relationship between the area ratio and the molar ratio. A new method has been developed for quantitative determination of ATP:ADP molar ratio based on Au/CW substrate by the SERS method.

[1]  Liangbao Yang,et al.  Multifunctional Au‐Coated TiO2 Nanotube Arrays as Recyclable SERS Substrates for Multifold Organic Pollutants Detection , 2010 .

[2]  Bin Yan,et al.  Fabrication and SERS performance of silver-nanoparticle-decorated Si/ZnO nanotrees in ordered arrays. , 2010, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[3]  Hongjie Dai,et al.  Protein microarrays with carbon nanotubes as multicolor Raman labels , 2008, Nature Biotechnology.

[4]  P. Vukusic,et al.  Spectroscopy on the wing: Naturally inspired SERS substrates for biochemical analysis , 2009, Journal of biophotonics.

[5]  J. Hafner,et al.  Utilizing 3D SERS Active Volumes in Aligned Carbon Nanotube Scaffold Substrates , 2012, Advanced materials.

[6]  Y. Ozaki,et al.  Site-specific deposition of Ag nanoparticles on ZnO nanorod arrays via galvanic reduction and their SERS applications , 2010 .

[7]  T D Simmons,et al.  Measurement of the ADP:ATP ratio in human leukaemic cell lines can be used as an indicator of cell viability, necrosis and apoptosis. , 2000, Journal of immunological methods.

[8]  P. Cadusch,et al.  Optical properties of chitin: surface-enhanced Raman scattering substrates based on antireflection structures on cicada wings , 2006 .

[9]  R. Alberty.  Effect of pH and metal ion concentration on the equilibrium hydrolysis of adenosine triphosphate to adenosine diphosphate. , 1968, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[10]  Steven R. Emory,et al.  Probing Single Molecules and Single Nanoparticles by Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering , 1997, Science.

[11]  Nianqiang Wu,et al.  Detection of adenosine triphosphate with an aptamer biosensor based on surface-enhanced Raman scattering. , 2012, Analytical chemistry.

[12]  C. Fan,et al.  A molecular beacon-based signal-off surface-enhanced Raman scattering strategy for highly sensitive, reproducible, and multiplexed DNA detection. , 2013, Small.

[13]  Yanlin Song,et al.  Mixed DNA-functionalized nanoparticle probes for surface-enhanced Raman scattering-based multiplex DNA detection. , 2011, Chemical communications.

[14]  G. Meng,et al.  Arrays of Cone‐Shaped ZnO Nanorods Decorated with Ag Nanoparticles as 3D Surface‐Enhanced Raman Scattering Substrates for Rapid Detection of Trace Polychlorinated Biphenyls , 2012 .

[15]  Howard Huang,et al.  Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering of Adenine, Adenosine and ATP Molecules , 1987 .

[16]  Zhengcao Li,et al.  Rapid recognition of isomers of monochlorobiphenyls at trace levels by surface-enhanced Raman scattering using Ag nanorods as a substrate , 2010 .

[17]  B. Ooi,et al.  Chemical Enhancement of the Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering Signals of Anilines via Their Ortho-Substituents , 2013 .

[18]  Yong‐Lai Zhang,et al.  Silver‐Coated Rose Petal: Green, Facile, Low‐Cost and Sustainable Fabrication of a SERS Substrate with Unique Superhydrophobicity and High Efficiency , 2013 .

[19]  Vladimiro Mujica,et al.  SERS of semiconducting nanoparticles (TiO(2) hybrid composites). , 2009, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[20]  Ivano Alessandri,et al.  Recyclable SERS substrates based on Au-coated ZnO nanorods. , 2011, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[21]  Zhiyong Li,et al.  Rational engineering of highly sensitive SERS substrate based on nanocone structures , 2010, Defense + Commercial Sensing.

[22]  Ki-Hun Jeong,et al.  Glass Nanopillar Arrays with Nanogap‐Rich Silver Nanoislands for Highly Intense Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering , 2012, Advanced materials.

[23]  J. Knowles.  Enzyme-catalyzed phosphoryl transfer reactions. , 1980, Annual review of biochemistry.

[24]  Xiaoping Song,et al.  Gold mesoflower arrays with sub-10 nm intraparticle gaps for highly sensitive and repeatable surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy , 2012, Nanotechnology.

[25]  Jennifer Nacht,et al.  The Merck Index An Encyclopedia Of Chemicals And Drugs , 2016 .

[26]  Bo Liu,et al.  Study of molecular junctions with a combined surface-enhanced Raman and mechanically controllable break junction method. , 2006, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[27]  G. Watson,et al.  Wetting properties on nanostructured surfaces of cicada wings , 2009, Journal of Experimental Biology.

[28]  Martin Moskovits,et al.  Mapping local pH in live cells using encapsulated fluorescent SERS nanotags. , 2010, Small.

[29]  Meikun Fan,et al.  A review on the fabrication of substrates for surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy and their applications in analytical chemistry. , 2011, Analytica chimica acta.

[30]  Zhongze Gu,et al.  In situ synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in butterfly wings for surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). , 2013, Journal of materials chemistry. B.

[31]  N. Yu,et al.  A Raman spectroscopic study of the interaction of divalent metal ions with adenine moiety of adenosine 5'-triphosphate. , 1979, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[32]  M. Stobiecka.  Novel plasmonic field-enhanced nanoassay for trace detection of proteins. , 2014, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[33]  R. Frontiera,et al.  SERS: Materials, applications, and the future , 2012 .

[34]  N. T. Liang,et al.  Surface-enhanced Raman scattering of adenosine triphosphate molecules , 1989 .

[35]  P. Stecher.  The Merck index of chemicals and drugs: an encyclopedia for chemists, pharmacists, physicians, and members of allied professions. , 1960 .