Speckle tracking analysis: a new tool for left atrial function analysis in systemic hypertension an overview

Speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) is an imaging technique applied to the analysis of left atrial function. STE provides a non-Doppler, angle-independent and objective quantification of left atrial myocardial deformation. Data regarding feasibility, accuracy and clinical applications of left atrial strain are rapidly gathering. This review describes the fundamental concepts of left atrial STE, illustrates its pathophysiological background and discusses its emerging role in systemic arterial hypertension.

[1]  Eric Boersma,et al.  [Percutaneous Coronary Intervention]. , 2018, Nihon Ronen Igakkai zasshi. Japanese journal of geriatrics.

[2]  Q. Lv,et al.  Left Atrial Functional Remodeling in Lone Atrial Fibrillation: A Two‐Dimensional Speckle Tracking Echocardiographic Study , 2013, Echocardiography.

[3]  M. Salvetti,et al.  Hypertension and stable coronary artery disease: an overview. , 2013, Journal of cardiovascular medicine.

[4]  H. Miyoshi,et al.  Effect of an Increase in Left Ventricular Pressure Overload on Left Atrial‐Left Ventricular Coupling in Patients with Hypertension: A Two‐Dimensional Speckle Tracking Echocardiographic Study , 2013, Echocardiography.

[5]  M. Cameli,et al.  Usefulness of atrial deformation analysis to predict left atrial fibrosis and endocardial thickness in patients undergoing mitral valve operations for severe mitral regurgitation secondary to mitral valve prolapse. , 2013, The American journal of cardiology.

[6]  I. Tanboğa,et al.  Comparison of Left Atrial Mechanical Function in Nondipper versus Dipper Hypertensive Patients: A Speckle Tracking Study , 2013, Echocardiography.

[7]  L. Køber,et al.  The Prognostic Value of Left Atrial Peak Reservoir Strain in Acute Myocardial Infarction Is Dependent on Left Ventricular Longitudinal Function and Left Atrial Size , 2013, Circulation. Cardiovascular imaging.

[8]  M. Cameli,et al.  early effects of arterial hypertension: left atrial deformation analysis by two- dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography , 2013 .

[9]  M. Cameli,et al.  Left atrial deformation analysis by speckle tracking echocardiography for prediction of cardiovascular outcomes. , 2012, The American journal of cardiology.

[10]  I. Kurt,et al.  The effect of valsartan on left ventricular myocardial functions in hypertensive patients with left ventricular hypertrophy , 2012, Journal of cardiovascular medicine.

[11]  M. Salvetti,et al.  The profile of the hypertensive patient with acute myocardial infarction , 2012 .

[12]  M. Kawasaki,et al.  Left atrial global and regional function in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation has already been impaired before enlargement of left atrium: velocity vector imaging echocardiography study. , 2012, European heart journal cardiovascular Imaging.

[13]  M. Cameli,et al.  Reference Values of Right Atrial Longitudinal Strain Imaging by Two‐Dimensional Speckle Tracking , 2012, Echocardiography.

[14]  M. Cameli,et al.  Novel echocardiographic techniques to assess left atrial size, anatomy and function , 2012, Cardiovascular Ultrasound.

[15]  O. Alfieri,et al.  Left atrial speckle tracking analysis in patients with mitral insufficiency and history of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation , 2012, The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging.

[16]  F. D’Ascenzi,et al.  Left Ventricular Twisting as Determinant of Diastolic Function: A Speckle Tracking Study in Patients with Cardiac Hypertrophy , 2011, Echocardiography.

[17]  M. Cameli,et al.  Early detection of left atrial strain abnormalities by speckle-tracking in hypertensive and diabetic patients with normal left atrial size. , 2011, Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography : official publication of the American Society of Echocardiography.

[18]  M. Cameli,et al.  Physiologic Determinants of Left Ventricular Systolic Torsion Assessed by Speckle Tracking Echocardiography in Healthy Subjects , 2011, Echocardiography.

[19]  J. Seward,et al.  Left atrial function: physiology, assessment, and clinical implications. , 2011, European journal of echocardiography : the journal of the Working Group on Echocardiography of the European Society of Cardiology.

[20]  Jeroen J. Bax,et al.  Left atrial strain is related to adverse events in patients after acute myocardial infarction treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention , 2011, Heart.

[21]  P. Sengupta,et al.  Global left atrial strain correlates with CHADS2 risk score in patients with atrial fibrillation. , 2011, Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography : official publication of the American Society of Echocardiography.

[22]  W. Tsai,et al.  Association of decreased left atrial strain and strain rate with stroke in chronic atrial fibrillation. , 2011, Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography : official publication of the American Society of Echocardiography.

[23]  Matteo Lisi,et al.  Supernormal Diastolic Function and Role of Left Atrial Myocardial Deformation Analysis by 2D Speckle Tracking Echocardiography in Elite Soccer Players , 2011, Echocardiography.

[24]  The increasing importance of left atrial size assessment. , 2011, Journal of cardiovascular medicine.

[25]  Donato Mele,et al.  Speckle‐Tracking Echocardiography , 2011, Journal of ultrasound in medicine : official journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine.

[26]  M. Cameli,et al.  Left atrial longitudinal strain by speckle tracking echocardiography correlates well with NT-proBNP levels in patients admitted to the cardiac intensive care unit. , 2011 .

[27]  M. Galderisi,et al.  Impact of diabetes and hypertension on left ventricular longitudinal systolic function. , 2010, Diabetes research and clinical practice.

[28]  G. De Luca,et al.  Left atrial asynchrony is a major predictor of 1-year recurrence of atrial fibrillation after electrical cardioversion , 2010, Journal of cardiovascular medicine.

[29]  G. Giannakoulas,et al.  Effects of renin-angiotensin system inhibition on left atrial function of hypertensive patients: an echocardiographic tissue deformation imaging study. , 2010, American journal of hypertension.

[30]  Joshua J. E. Blauer,et al.  Left Atrial Strain and Strain Rate in Patients With Paroxysmal and Persistent Atrial Fibrillation: Relationship to Left Atrial Structural Remodeling Detected by Delayed-Enhancement MRI , 2010, Circulation. Cardiovascular imaging.

[31]  M. Cameli,et al.  Left atrial longitudinal strain by speckle tracking echocardiography correlates well with left ventricular filling pressures in patients with heart failure , 2010, Cardiovascular ultrasound.

[32]  W. Tsai,et al.  Association of Left Atrial Strain and Strain Rate Assessed by Speckle Tracking Echocardiography with Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation , 2009, Echocardiography.

[33]  Rakesh K. Sharma,et al.  Differential Left Atrial Remodeling in LV Diastolic Dysfunction and Mitral Regurgitation , 2009, Echocardiography.

[34]  N. Ohte,et al.  Correlation between left ventricular end-diastolic pressure and peak left atrial wall strain during left ventricular systole. , 2009, Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography : official publication of the American Society of Echocardiography.

[35]  T. Marwick,et al.  Strain rate evaluation of phasic atrial function in hypertension , 2009, Heart.

[36]  G. Di Salvo,et al.  Association between left atrial myocardial function and exercise capacity in patients with either idiopathic or ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy: a two-dimensional speckle strain study. , 2009, International journal of cardiology.

[37]  M. Galderisi,et al.  Feasibility and reference values of left atrial longitudinal strain imaging by two-dimensional speckle tracking , 2009, Cardiovascular ultrasound.

[38]  Mustafa Kurt,et al.  Left Atrial Function in Diastolic Heart Failure , 2009, Circulation. Cardiovascular imaging.

[39]  H. Uno,et al.  Left atrial remodelling in patients with myocardial infarction complicated by heart failure, left ventricular dysfunction, or both: the VALIANT Echo study. , 2008, European heart journal.

[40]  G. Di Salvo,et al.  Two-dimensional strain and atrial function: a study on patients after percutaneous closure of atrial septal defect. , 2008, European journal of echocardiography : the journal of the Working Group on Echocardiography of the European Society of Cardiology.

[41]  國分 宣明.  Noninvasive assessment of left atrial function by strain rate imaging in patients with hypertension : a possible beneficial effect of renin-angiotensin system inhibition on left atrial function , 2009 .

[42]  I. Salgo,et al.  Effects of aging on left atrial function assessed by two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography. , 2009, Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography : official publication of the American Society of Echocardiography.

[43]  A. Boyd,et al.  Echocardiographic evaluation of left atrial size and function: current understanding, pathophysiologic correlates, and prognostic implications. , 2008, American heart journal.

[44]  E. Iliodromitis,et al.  Evaluation of left atrial longitudinal function in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a tissue Doppler imaging and two-dimensional strain study , 2008, Heart.

[45]  T. Nakata,et al.  Noninvasive Assessment of Left Atrial Function by Strain Rate Imaging in Patients with Hypertension: A Possible Beneficial Effect of Renin-Angiotensin System Inhibition on Left Atrial Function , 2008, Hypertension Research.

[46]  G. Di Salvo,et al.  Different effects of cardiac resynchronization therapy on left atrial function in patients with either idiopathic or ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy: a two-dimensional speckle strain study. , 2007, European heart journal.

[47]  F. Rademakers,et al.  Feasibility of strain and strain rate imaging for the assessment of regional left atrial deformation: a study in normal subjects. , 2006, European journal of echocardiography : the journal of the Working Group on Echocardiography of the European Society of Cardiology.

[48]  James B Seward,et al.  Prediction of cardiovascular outcomes with left atrial size: is volume superior to area or diameter? , 2006, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[49]  A. Mattioli,et al.  Influence of regression of left ventricular hypertrophy on left atrial size and function in patients with moderate hypertension , 2005, Blood pressure.

[50]  A. Waldo.  Stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation. , 2003, JAMA.

[51]  Daniel Levy,et al.  Arterial and cardiac aging: major shareholders in cardiovascular disease enterprises: Part II: the aging heart in health: links to heart disease. , 2003, Circulation.

[52]  Daniel Levy,et al.  Arterial and cardiac aging: major shareholders in cardiovascular disease enterprises: Part I: aging arteries: a "set up" for vascular disease. , 2003, Circulation.

[53]  James B Seward,et al.  Left atrial volume as a morphophysiologic expression of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction and relation to cardiovascular risk burden. , 2002, The American journal of cardiology.

[54]  D. Ross,et al.  Compensatory changes in atrial volumes with normal aging: is atrial enlargement inevitable? , 2002, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[55]  J. McMurray,et al.  Population prevalence, incidence, and predictors of atrial fibrillation in the Renfrew/Paisley study , 2001, Heart.

[56]  C. Claessens,et al.  Supernormal left ventricular diastolic function in triathletes. , 2001, Texas Heart Institute journal.

[57]  R. Vasan,et al.  The progression from hypertension to congestive heart failure. , 1996, JAMA.

[58]  S E Kowalski,et al.  Mitral valve prolapse , 1985, Canadian Anaesthetists' Society journal.

[59]  G R HERRMANN,et al.  Congestive heart failure. , 1962, Geriatrics.