How to Improve E‐Satisfaction and E‐Loyalty and Strengthen the Links Between Them: Value From Regulatory Fit

This article aims to investigate how regulatory fit can improve e-satisfaction and e-loyalty and strengthen the links between e-satisfaction and both its antecedents two technology acceptance model factors and the perceived quality of e-shopping and consequence e-loyalty. The research model and hypotheses are constructed through a literature review. An empirical study is performed to test the proposed research model, using survey research. The data are gathered via a questionnaire, which is developed on the basis of prior empirical studies. Results from this study point to the following: first, the two technology acceptance model factors and the perceived quality of e-shopping significantly affect e-satisfaction, which in turn e-loyalty. Second, regulatory fit not only improves e-satisfaction and e-loyalty but also strengthens the links between e-satisfaction and both its antecedents and consequence. On the basis of these findings, the implications are discussed and directions for future research are highlighted.

[1]  C. Ruiz-Mafé,et al.  Internet banking loyalty: evaluating the role of trust, satisfaction, perceived risk and frequency of use , 2011 .

[2]  Heiner Evanschitzky,et al.  E-satisfaction: a re-examination , 2004 .

[3]  N. Liberman,et al.  Distinguishing Gains from Nonlosses and Losses from Nongains: A Regulatory Focus Perspective on Hedonic Intensity , 2000 .

[4]  C. Fornell,et al.  Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. , 1981 .

[5]  E. B. Swanson,et al.  Management Information Systems: Appreciation and Involvement , 1974 .

[6]  V. Vehovar,et al.  Non-probability Sampling , 2016 .

[7]  Fethi Calisir,et al.  The relation of interface usability characteristics, perceived usefulness, and perceived ease of use to end-user satisfaction with enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems , 2004, Comput. Hum. Behav..

[8]  Wan-I Lee,et al.  Assessing the effects of consumer involvement and service quality in a self‐service setting , 2011 .

[9]  E. Higgins,et al.  Enjoying Goal-Directed Action: The Role of Regulatory Fit , 2002, Psychological science.

[10]  David M. Szymanski,et al.  E-satisfaction: an initial examination , 2000 .

[11]  Jen-Her Wu,et al.  An organizational memory information systems success model: an extension of DeLone and McLean's I/S success model , 1998, Proceedings of the Thirty-First Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences.

[12]  Chien-Wen David Chen,et al.  Understanding consumer intention in online shopping: a respecification and validation of the DeLone and McLean model , 2009, Behav. Inf. Technol..

[13]  S. Bell,et al.  Customer relationship dynamics: Service quality and customer loyalty in the context of varying levels of customer expertise and switching costs , 2005 .

[14]  Ingoo Han,et al.  The impact of the online and offline features on the user acceptance of Internet shopping malls , 2004, Electron. Commer. Res. Appl..

[15]  V. Zeithaml,et al.  A Dynamic Process Model of Service Quality: From Expectations to Behavioral Intentions , 1993 .

[16]  Philip J. Trocchia,et al.  Consumer perceptions of Internet retail service quality , 2002 .

[17]  G. Balabanis,et al.  Bases of e-store loyalty: Perceived switching barriers and satisfaction , 2006 .

[18]  E. Tory Higgins,et al.  How Regulatory Fit Affects Value in Consumer Choices and Opinions , 2006 .

[19]  Angela Y. Lee,et al.  Understanding Regulatory Fit , 2006 .

[20]  Rolph E. Anderson,et al.  Multivariate data analysis (4th ed.): with readings , 1995 .

[21]  Victor R. Prybutok,et al.  The moderating effect of occupation on the perception of information services quality and success , 2010, Comput. Ind. Eng..

[22]  Ming-Chi Lee,et al.  Factors influencing the adoption of internet banking: An integration of TAM and TPB with perceived risk and perceived benefit , 2009, Electron. Commer. Res. Appl..

[23]  Jonathan W. Palmer,et al.  Web Site Usability, Design, and Performance Metrics , 2002, Inf. Syst. Res..

[24]  Angela Y. Lee,et al.  Bringing the frame into focus: the influence of regulatory fit on processing fluency and persuasion. , 2004, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[25]  Viswanath Venkatesh,et al.  Assessing a Firm's Web Presence: A Heuristic Evaluation Procedure for the Measurement of Usability , 2002, Inf. Syst. Res..

[26]  Szu-Yuan Sun,et al.  Understanding customers' loyalty intentions towards online shopping: an integration of technology acceptance model and fairness theory , 2009, Behav. Inf. Technol..

[27]  Anol Bhattacherjee,et al.  Understanding Information Systems Continuance: An Expectation-Confirmation Model , 2001, MIS Q..

[28]  Peter A. Todd,et al.  Perceived Usefulness, Ease of Use, and Usage of Information Technology: A Replication , 1992, MIS Q..

[29]  Scott B. MacKenzie,et al.  Common method biases in behavioral research: a critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. , 2003, The Journal of applied psychology.

[30]  N. Schwarz Feelings, Fit, and Funny Effects: A Situated Cognition Perspective , 2006, Journal of Marketing Research.

[31]  Jens Förster,et al.  Approach and avoidance strength during goal attainment : Regulatory focus and the goal looms larger effect , 1998 .

[32]  Youngho Rhee,et al.  The Role of Organizational and Individual Characteristics in Technology Acceptance , 2009, Int. J. Hum. Comput. Interact..

[33]  A. Parasuraman,et al.  SERVQUAL: A multiple-item scale for measuring consumer perceptions of service quality. , 1988 .

[34]  Hsiu-Fen Lin,et al.  Antecedents of Virtual Community Satisfaction and Loyalty: An Empirical Test of Competing Theories , 2008, Cyberpsychology Behav. Soc. Netw..

[35]  E. Anderson,et al.  The Antecedents and Consequences of Customer Satisfaction for Firms , 1993 .

[36]  Arie W. Kruglanski,et al.  The Nature of Fit and the Origins of “Feeling Right”: A Goal-Systemic Perspective , 2006 .

[37]  E. Higgins Making a good decision: value from fit. , 2000, The American psychologist.

[38]  Chao-Min Chiu,et al.  A longitudinal investigation of continued online shopping behavior: An extension of the theory of planned behavior , 2006, Int. J. Hum. Comput. Stud..

[39]  Abigail A. Scholer,et al.  Social and Personality Psychology Compass 2/1 (2008): 444–463, 10.1111/j.1751-9004.2007.00055.x Regulatory Fit and Persuasion: Basic Principles and Remaining Questions , 2022 .

[40]  Stuart J. Barnes,et al.  Initial trust and online buyer behaviour , 2007, Ind. Manag. Data Syst..

[41]  Younghwa Lee,et al.  Investigating the effect of website quality on e-business success: An analytic hierarchy process (AHP) approach , 2006, Decis. Support Syst..

[42]  A. Parasuraman,et al.  A MULTIPLE-ITEM SCALE FOR MEASURING CUSTOMER PERCEPTIONS OF SERVICE QUALITY , 1988 .

[43]  Rolph E. Anderson,et al.  Customer loyalty in e-commerce: an exploration of its antecedents and consequences , 2002 .

[44]  E. Higgins,et al.  Regulatory fit and persuasion: transfer from "Feeling Right.". , 2004, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[45]  Ephraim R. McLean,et al.  The DeLone and McLean Model of Information Systems Success: A Ten-Year Update , 2003, J. Manag. Inf. Syst..

[46]  David Yoon Kin Tong,et al.  A study of e-recruitment technology adoption in Malaysia , 2009, Ind. Manag. Data Syst..

[47]  J. Jacoby Brand loyalty: A conceptual definition. , 1971 .

[48]  Fatemeh Zahedi,et al.  The Measurement of Web-Customer Satisfaction: An Expectation and Disconfirmation Approach , 2002, Inf. Syst. Res..

[49]  Jae Hyoung Lee,et al.  An empirical examination of the acceptance behaviour of hotel front office systems: An extended technology acceptance model , 2008 .

[50]  Scott Hamilton,et al.  Evaluating Information Systems Effectiveness - Part I: Comparing Evaluation Approaches , 1981, MIS Q..

[51]  Kar Yan Tam,et al.  Determinants of User Acceptance of Digital Libraries: An Empirical Examination of Individual Differences and System Characteristics , 2002, J. Manag. Inf. Syst..

[52]  E. Higgins Beyond pleasure and pain. , 1997, The American psychologist.

[53]  Sertan Kabadayi,et al.  The relationship between trusting beliefs and Web site loyalty: The moderating role of consumer motives and flow , 2010 .

[54]  Rolph E. Anderson,et al.  E‐satisfaction and e‐loyalty: A contingency framework , 2003 .

[55]  Hsin Hsin Chang,et al.  The impact of e-service quality, customer satisfaction and loyalty on e-marketing: Moderating effect of perceived value , 2009 .

[56]  Chia-Chi Sun,et al.  Factors influencing satisfaction and loyalty in online shopping: an integrated model , 2009, Online Inf. Rev..

[57]  Dianne Cyr,et al.  Beyond Trust: Web Site Design Preferences Across Cultures , 2005, J. Glob. Inf. Manag..

[58]  I. Ajzen,et al.  Understanding Attitudes and Predicting Social Behavior , 1980 .

[59]  F. Reichheld,et al.  E-LOYALTY: YOUR SECRET WEAPON ON THE WEB , 2003 .

[60]  Ying-Feng Kuo,et al.  Towards an understanding of the behavioral intention to use 3G mobile value-added services , 2009, Comput. Hum. Behav..

[61]  R. Oliver Satisfaction: A Behavioral Perspective On The Consumer , 1996 .

[62]  Chang Liu,et al.  Exploring the factors associated with Web site success in the context of electronic commerce , 2000, Inf. Manag..

[63]  R. Oliver Whence Consumer Loyalty? , 1999 .

[64]  Performance incentives and means: How regulatory focus influences goal attainment. , 1998 .

[65]  Tao Zhou,et al.  Exploring Chinese users' acceptance of instant messaging using the theory of planned behavior, the technology acceptance model, and the flow theory , 2009, Comput. Hum. Behav..

[66]  James L. Heskett,et al.  The Service Profit Chain: How Leading Companies Link Profit and Growth to Loyalty, Satisfaction, and Value (Цепочка создания прибыли в сфере услуг: как ведущие компании связывают прибыль и рост с лояльностью, удовлетворением и ценностью) , 2014 .

[67]  Gary W. Loveman Employee Satisfaction, Customer Loyalty, and Financial Performance , 1998 .

[68]  R. Oliver A Cognitive Model of the Antecedents and Consequences of Satisfaction Decisions , 1980 .

[69]  A. Parasuraman,et al.  The Behavioral Consequences of Service Quality , 1996 .

[70]  Angela Y. Lee,et al.  Be Fit and Be Strong: Mastering Self‐Regulation through Regulatory Fit , 2008 .

[71]  Hsien-Tung Tsai,et al.  Why on-line customers remain with a particular e-retailer: An integrative model and empirical evidence , 2006 .

[72]  Anthony R. Hendrickson,et al.  An assessment of structure and causation of IS usage , 1996, DATB.

[73]  Hung-Pin Shih,et al.  An empirical study on predicting user acceptance of e-shopping on the Web , 2004, Inf. Manag..

[74]  Fred D. Davis Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, and User Acceptance of Information Technology , 1989, MIS Q..

[75]  D. A. Kenny,et al.  The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. , 1986, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[76]  Sheng Wu,et al.  Integrating perceived playfulness into expectation-confirmation model for web portal context , 2005, Inf. Manag..

[77]  Maria De Marsico,et al.  Evaluating web sites: exploiting user's expectations , 2004, Int. J. Hum. Comput. Stud..

[78]  Moral value transfer from regulatory fit: what feels right is right and what feels wrong is wrong. , 2003 .

[79]  Heeseok Lee,et al.  Formation of e-satisfaction and repurchase intention: Moderating roles of computer self-efficacy and computer anxiety , 2009, Expert Syst. Appl..

[80]  E. Higgins,et al.  Transfer of value from fit. , 2003, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[81]  Michael Tow Cheung,et al.  Internet-based e-banking and consumer attitudes: an empirical study , 2002, Inf. Manag..

[82]  Ingoo Han,et al.  The impact of Web quality and playfulness on user acceptance of online retailing , 2007, Inf. Manag..

[83]  P. M. Podsakoff,et al.  Self-Reports in Organizational Research: Problems and Prospects , 1986 .

[84]  Marios Koufaris,et al.  Applying the Technology Acceptance Model and Flow Theory to Online Consumer Behavior , 2002, Inf. Syst. Res..