The measurement of residual urine volume by electrical impedance in man

DENNISTON and BAKER (1974) have reported a linear relationship between the electrical impedance at 100 kHz measured between electrodes placed close to the umbilicus and on the pubis in anaesthetised dogs and the volume of urine present in the bladder. They pointed out that this simple, non-invasive, technique for the monitoring of the urinary bladder content would be of value in post-surgical patients and in paraplegics as an index of renal function and urinary stasis. They did not, however, report any actual experience with the method in conscious