Robust carrier frequency offset estimation for OFDM systems in doppler shift channels

In this paper, a robust carrier frequency offset (CFO) estimation scheme is proposed for OFDM systems in Doppler shift channels. We first present a training symbol (TS) pattern that has the same value so as to provide a wide CFO estimation range and to ensure the accuracy of the CFO estimation. Using the TS, we then present maximum-Likelihood (ML) and averaging least square (LS) algorithms for performing acquisition and tracking steps of the CFO estimation. The performance of the proposed technique is evaluated with respect to a mean-square-error (MSE) and a bit-error-rate (BER) in a typical urban (TU) channel.