Fluorescence-lifetime-based sensing of blood gases and cations

Chemical sensing with fluorescent probes is usually accomplished by measuring the fluorescence intensity or using wavelength-ratiometric probes. Measurement of fluorescence decay times, rather than intensities, is advantageous because the decay times are largely independent of intensity changes due to light losses, photobleaching, or probe washout. Present technology allows measurement of nanosecond decay times by the phase-modulation method with inexpensive and robust instrumentation. This report describes the use of phase- modulation fluorometry for lifetime-based sensing of O2, pH, Ca2+ and K+.

[1]  J. Lakowicz,et al.  Phase-resolved fluorescence lifetime measurements for flow cytometry. , 1993, Cytometry.

[2]  F S Fay,et al.  Ca2+ imaging in single living cells: theoretical and practical issues. , 1990, Cell calcium.

[3]  Enrico Gratton,et al.  Synthesizers' phase noise in frequency-domain fluorometry , 1989 .

[4]  A. Verkman,et al.  Quantitative fluorescence measurement of chloride transport mechanisms in phospholipid vesicles. , 1989, Biochemistry.

[5]  Enrico Gratton,et al.  Digital parallel acquisition in frequency domain fluorimetry , 1989 .

[6]  Benjamin A. DeGraff,et al.  Photophysics and photochemistry of oxygen sensors based on luminescent transition-metal complexes , 1991 .

[7]  H. Dreeskamp,et al.  On the Fluorescence Quenching of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons by Nitromethane , 1975 .

[8]  J. Lakowicz,et al.  Chlorinated hydrocarbon-cell membrane interactions studied by the fluorescence quenching of carbazole-labeled phospholipids: probe synthesis and characterization of the quenching methodology. , 1980, Chemistry and physics of lipids.

[9]  H Szmacinski,et al.  Fluorescence lifetime imaging of calcium using Quin-2. , 1992, Cell calcium.

[10]  J. Lakowicz,et al.  Subanosecond solvent relaxation studies by oxygen quenching of fluorescence , 1973 .

[11]  A. R. Horrocks,et al.  Mechanism of fluorescence quenching in solution. Part 2.—Quenching by xenon and intersystem crossing efficiencies , 1966 .

[12]  J. Lakowicz,et al.  Diffusion and partitioning of a pesticide, lindane, into phosphatidylcholine bilayers. A new fluorescence quenching method to study chlorinated hydrocarbon-membrane interactions. , 1977, Biochimica et Biophysica Acta.