Flexural and Fractography Behavior of Unsaturated Polyester Composite Filled with Bangkirai Wood Fiber

PPada penelitian ini, kami melaporkan modifikasi kayu dengan meningkatkan sifat mekanisnya dalam struktur komposit. Kayu yang dibentuk menjadi meja, kursi, lemari, dan lain-lain terdapat sisa-sisa seperti serbuk ( sawdust ) setelah produksi. Sisa ini yang disebut limbah bila dimanfaatkan dengan baik akan menghasilkan keuntungan tersendiri. Namun, agar limbah kayu bermanfaat menjadi produk baru, perlu diuji kekuatannya. Fokus penelitian ini adalah limbah kayu seperti kayu bangkirai yang perlu ditingkatkan kekuatannya. Teknologi komposit yang berasal dari serat alami dalam kayu adalah solusi untuk menemukan bahan baru yang diharapkan dapat diterapkan pada berbagai aplikasi. Dalam observasi ini, material komposit dibuat menggunakan metode hand lay-up dengan variasi fraksi filler 40% dan 60% serat bangkirai. Bahan asal yang dibentuk kayu bangkirai digunakan sebagai variabel kontrol dalam uji tekuk. Hasil uji tekuk diperoleh rata-rata modulus elastisitas tertinggi yaitu 2,22 GPa dalam fraksi filler 60%. Selain itu ditemukan bahwa pola fraktur dari uji tekuk berdasarkan pengamatan scanning electron microscopy (SEM) menunjukkan bahwa ada kegagalan dalam bentuk rongga. Dari penelitian ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa semakin tinggi fraksi filler mengakibatkan semakin tinggi nilai modulus elastisitasnya. In this work, we report the modification of the woods by increasing their mechanical properties in a composite structure. Wood that is formed into tables, chairs, cabinets, etc. there are remnants such as powder, sawdust after production. This rest, called waste, if used properly, will produce its benefits. However, for wood waste to be useful as a new product, its strength must be tested. The focus of this research is wood waste, such as bangkirai wood, which needs to be strengthened. The focus of this study is wood waste, such as bangkirai wood that required to be mechanically improved. Composite technology derived from natural fibers in wood is the solution to find new materials that are expected to be applied to various applications. In this observation, the composite materials were made using the hand lay-up method with variations in filler fractions of 40% and 60% of bangkirai fiber. The origin material formed bangkirai wood is used as the control variable in the flexural test. The flexural test results obtained the highest average modulus of elasticity of 2.22 GPa in the 60% filler fraction. It is also found that fracture patterns from flexural tests based on scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations showed that there was a failure in the form of voids. It concludes that the higher the filler fraction, the higher the modulus of elasticity.

[1]  R. A. Tanjung,et al.  Mechanical Properties of Natural Materials from Kalimantan as Substitute Material for Reinforcement Buildings , 2020, Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Innovative Research Across Disciplines (ICIRAD 2019).

[2]  Andromeda Dwi Laksono,et al.  Pengaruh Fraksi Volume Komposit Polyester Berpenguat Limbah Serbuk Kayu Bangkirai terhadap Sifat Material Akustik , 2019 .

[3]  H. Widiyandari,et al.  Mesoporous WO3/TiO2 Nanocomposites Photocatalyst for Rapid Degradation of Methylene Blue in Aqueous Medium , 2019, International Journal of Engineering.

[4]  Andromeda Dwi Laksono,et al.  Pengaruh Perlakuan Alkalinisasi Serat Alam Kayu Bangkirai (Shorea Laevifolia Endert) pada Sifat Mekanik Komposit dengan Matriks Poliester , 2019, JST (Jurnal Sains Terapan).

[5]  R. Elsad,et al.  Electrical and Mechanical Performance of Hybrid and Non-hybrid Composites , 2019, International Journal of Engineering.

[6]  N. L. Muzayadah,et al.  A comparison process between hand lay-up, vacuum infusion and vacuum bagging method toward e-glass EW 185/lycal composites , 2018, Journal of Physics: Conference Series.

[7]  Takahiro Hayashi,et al.  Influence of void content on the flexural fracture behaviour of carbon fiber reinforced polypropylene , 2017 .

[8]  I. Ahmadi,et al.  Stiffness Prediction of Beech Wood Flour Polypropylene Composite by using Proper Fiber Orientation Distribution Function , 2017 .

[9]  Li Yu,et al.  The wood from the trees: The use of timber in construction , 2017 .

[10]  Yuliansyah Yuliansyah,et al.  Plant diversity and energy potency of community forest in East Kalimantan, Indonesia: Searching for fast growing wood species for energy production , 2016 .

[11]  Kristiyanto Kristiyanto,et al.  Analisis Komposit Dengan Penguat Serat Enceng Gondok 40% Dan Serbuk Kayu Sengon 60% Pada Fraksi Volume 40%, 50%, 60% Bermatrik Resin Polyester Untuk Panel Akuistik , 2016 .

[12]  Andreas Triwiyono,et al.  PERILAKU PELAT KOMPOSIT BETON– KAYU BANGKIRAI DENGAN SAMBUNGAN GESER MENGGUNAKAN PASAK BAJA DAN PAPAN KAYU KERUING , 2015 .

[13]  F. S. Yoresta FLEXURAL TESTING OF WOOD-CONCRETE COMPOSITE BEAM MADE FROM KAMPER AND BANGKIRAI WOOD , 2015 .

[14]  Asep Mansur,et al.  Limbah Pemanenan dan Faktor Eksploitasi Iuphhk-ha PT. Rizki Kacida Reana–kabupaten Paser Provinsi Kalimantan Timur , 2013 .

[15]  N. Nurdiana,et al.  Penentuan Kekuatan Tarik Material Komposit Epoxy dengan Pengisi Serat Rockwool Secara Eksperimen , 2013 .

[16]  G. Mahajan,et al.  Composite material: A review over current development and automotive application , 2023, Materials Today: Proceedings.

[17]  Laurence W. McKeen,et al.  Introduction to Fatigue and Tribology of Plastics and Elastomers , 2010 .

[18]  Z. Ishak,et al.  Comparison of the mechanical properties and interfacial interactions between talc, kaolin, and calcium carbonate filled polypropylene composites , 2004 .

[19]  J. Ong,et al.  The effect of filler loading and morphology on the mechanical properties of contemporary composites. , 2002, The Journal of prosthetic dentistry.