The computation of Lagrange-multiplier estimates for constrained minimization

Almost all efficient algorithms for constrained optimization require the repeated computation of Lagrange-multiplier estimates. In this paper we consider the difficulties in providing accurate estimates and what tests can be made in order to check the validity of the estimates obtained. A variety of formulae for the estimation of Lagrange multipliers are derived and their respective merits discussed. Finally the role of Lagrange multipliers within optimization algorithms is discussed and in addition to other results, it is shown that some algorithms are particularly sensitive to errors in the estimates.