Grid routing: an energy-efficient routing protocol for WSNs with single mobile sink

In a traditional wireless sensor network (WSN) with static sinks, sensor nodes close to the sink run out of their batteries quicker than other nodes due to the increased data traffic towards the sink. These nodes with huge data traffic are easy to become hotspots. Therefore, such networks may prematurely collapse since the sink is unreachable for other remote nodes. To mitigate this problem, sink mobility is proposed, which provides load-balanced data delivery and uniform energy dissipation by shifting the hotspots. However, the latest location update of the mobile sink within the network introduces a high communication overhead. In this paper, we propose Grid Routing, an energy-efficient mobile sink routing protocol, which aims to decrease the advertisement overhead of the sink's position and balance local energy dissipation in a non-uniform network. Simulation results indicate that the Grid Routing shows better performance compared with existing work.

[1]  Elyes Ben Hamida,et al.  A Line-Based Data Dissemination Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks with Mobile Sink , 2008, 2008 IEEE International Conference on Communications.

[2]  Ian F. Akyildiz,et al.  Wireless sensor networks: a survey , 2002, Comput. Networks.

[3]  Cem Ersoy,et al.  Distributed Mobile Sink Routing for Wireless Sensor Networks: A Survey , 2014, IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials.

[4]  Cem Ersoy,et al.  Ring Routing: An Energy-Efficient Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks with a Mobile Sink , 2015, IEEE Trans. Mob. Comput..

[5]  Sang-Ha Kim,et al.  Virtual Line-Based Data Dissemination for Mobile Sink Groups in Wireless Sensor Networks , 2013, IEEE Communications Letters.

[6]  Yang Xiao,et al.  Error Analysis and Kernel Density Approach of Scheduling Sleeping Nodes in Cluster-Based Wireless Sensor Networks , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology.

[7]  Daeyeon Park,et al.  Railroad: virtual infrastructure for data dissemination in wireless sensor networks , 2005, PE-WASUN '05.

[8]  Ying Zhang,et al.  Coverage and Detection of a Randomized Scheduling Algorithm in Wireless Sensor Networks , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Computers.

[9]  Yang Xiao,et al.  IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS, PAPER ID: TPDS-0307-0605.R1 1 Random Coverage with Guaranteed Connectivity: Joint Scheduling for Wireless Sensor Networks , 2022 .

[10]  Jian Shen,et al.  A Novel Routing Protocol Providing Good Transmission Reliability in Underwater Sensor Networks , 2015 .

[11]  Anantha P. Chandrakasan,et al.  An application-specific protocol architecture for wireless microsensor networks , 2002, IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun..

[12]  Limin Sun,et al.  BoSS: a moving strategy for mobile sinks in wireless sensor networks , 2009, Int. J. Sens. Networks.

[13]  Yuxiang Wang,et al.  Construction of Tree Network with Limited Delivery Latency in Homogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks , 2014, Wirel. Pers. Commun..

[14]  Athanasios V. Vasilakos,et al.  Body Area Networks: A Survey , 2010, Mob. Networks Appl..

[15]  Haiyun Luo,et al.  TTDD: Two-Tier Data Dissemination in Large-Scale Wireless Sensor Networks , 2005, Wirel. Networks.

[16]  Subir Biswas,et al.  Data harvesting in sensor networks using mobile sinks , 2008, IEEE Wireless Communications.

[17]  Jin Wang,et al.  A Variable Threshold-Value Authentication Architecture for Wireless Mesh Networks , 2014 .

[18]  Tin-Yu Wu,et al.  A Network Lifetime Enhancement Method for Sink Relocation and Its Analysis in Wireless Sensor Networks , 2014, IEEE Sensors Journal.

[19]  Xiaojiang Du,et al.  Two and three-dimensional intrusion object detection under randomized scheduling algorithms in sensor networks , 2009, Comput. Networks.

[20]  Hyunsoo Yoon,et al.  Grid-Based Energy-Efficient Routing from Multiple Sources to Multiple Mobile Sinks in Wireless Sensor Networks , 2009, 2009 4th International Symposium on Wireless Pervasive Computing.

[21]  K. Goutham Raju,et al.  Mobile Data Gathering with Load Balanced Clustering and Dual Data Uploading in Wireless Sensor Networks , 2016 .

[22]  Cem Ersoy,et al.  Wireless sensor network design by lifetime maximisation: an empirical evaluation of integrating major design issues and sink mobility , 2016, Int. J. Sens. Networks.

[23]  XiaoYang,et al.  A survey of energy-efficient scheduling mechanisms in sensor networks , 2006 .

[24]  Abdul Hanan Abdullah,et al.  VGDRA: A Virtual Grid-Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment Scheme for Mobile Sink-Based Wireless Sensor Networks , 2015, IEEE Sensors Journal.