The Monitoring of Palazzo Lombardia in Milan

This paper discusses the monitoring of Palazzo Lombardia, one of the tallest high-rise buildings in Italy. First, the layout of the monitoring system is addressed for a general description of the sensors used. The paper provides details about how data coming from transducers are used. Special focus is put on the use of signals acquired by means of accelerometers, which are employed for the estimation of modal parameters through operational modal analysis. The procedure used for choosing the modal analysis algorithm and fixing the values of its main parameters is discussed in detail. The modal identification results on the first eight months of monitoring are discussed in the second part of the manuscript, together with a statistical analysis. This allows for a first model of the relationships between eigenfrequencies and environmental variables aiming at a general structural health monitoring procedure based on the evolution of the building’s modal parameters.

[1]  Zhengjie Zhou,et al.  Vibration-based detection of small-scale damage on a bridge deck , 2007 .

[2]  Arun Kumar Pandey,et al.  Damage detection from changes in curvature mode shapes , 1991 .

[3]  Stefano Manzoni,et al.  Estimation of axial load in tie-rods using experimental and operational modal analysis , 2017 .

[4]  Marta Berardengo,et al.  Harmonic scaling of mode shapes for operational modal analysis , 2016 .

[5]  Sanghyun Choi,et al.  Improved fault quantification for a plate structure , 2006 .

[6]  Marcello Vanali,et al.  Dynamic testing of a helicopter landing pad: comparison between operational and experimental approach , 2014 .

[7]  Steve Vanlanduit,et al.  Structural health monitoring in changing operational conditions using tranmissibility measurements , 2010 .

[8]  Xinqun Zhu,et al.  Development of an integrated structural health monitoring system for bridge structures in operational conditions , 2012 .

[9]  David J. Ewins,et al.  Modal Testing: Theory, Practice, And Application , 2000 .

[10]  Bijan Samali,et al.  Wind Loading on Tall Buildings , 2007, Electronic Journal of Structural Engineering.

[11]  Anders Brandt,et al.  Noise and Vibration Analysis: Signal Analysis and Experimental Procedures , 2011 .

[12]  Lawrence G. Griffis,et al.  Serviceability Limit States Under Wind Load , 2003 .

[13]  Diogo Duarte,et al.  An overview on how failure analysis contributes to flight safety in the Portuguese Air Force , 2016 .

[14]  Gabriele Comanducci,et al.  Structural health monitoring of suspension bridges with features affected by changing wind speed , 2015 .

[15]  Guo-Qiang Li,et al.  A flexibility approach for damage identification of cantilever-type structures with bending and shear deformation , 1999 .

[16]  Arnaud Deraemaeker,et al.  Numerical and experimental analysis of uncertainty on modal parameters estimated with the stochastic subspace method , 2014 .

[17]  Lingmi Zhang,et al.  A frequency and spatial domain decomposition method for operational strain modal analysis and its application , 2016 .

[18]  Jeong‐Tae Kim,et al.  Improved damage identification method based on modal information , 2002 .

[19]  Christof Devriendt,et al.  Identification of modal parameters from transmissibility measurements , 2008 .

[20]  Marta Berardengo,et al.  DESIGN AND INSTALLATION OF A PERMANENT MONITORING SYSTEM FOR PALAZZO LOMBARDIA IN MILANO, ITALY , 2016 .

[21]  O. S. Salawu Detection of structural damage through changes in frequency: a review , 1997 .

[22]  Gangbing Song,et al.  Experimental Damage Identification of Carbon/Epoxy Composite Beams Using Curvature Mode Shapes , 2004 .

[23]  Keith Worden,et al.  Exploring Environmental and Operational Variations in SHM Data Using Heteroscedastic Gaussian Processes , 2016 .

[24]  Zhichun Yang,et al.  Structural Damage Detection by Changes in Natural Frequencies , 2010 .

[25]  Charles R. Farrar,et al.  Structural Health Monitoring: A Machine Learning Perspective , 2012 .

[26]  S. K. Maiti,et al.  Detection of multiple cracks using frequency measurements , 2003 .

[27]  Colin P. Ratcliffe,et al.  Local Damage Detection with the Global Fitting Method Using Mode Shape Data in Notched Beams , 2009 .

[28]  Marian Ralbovsky,et al.  UNCERTAINTY OF BRIDGE VIBRATION PROPERTIES AND ITS CONSEQUENCE FOR DAMAGE IDENTIFICATION , 2015 .

[29]  Rune Brincker,et al.  Modal identification of output-only systems using frequency domain decomposition , 2001 .

[30]  Humberto Varum,et al.  Global overview on advances in structural health monitoring platforms , 2016 .

[31]  Margaret J. Robertson,et al.  Design and Analysis of Experiments , 2006, Handbook of statistics.

[32]  Carmelo Gentile,et al.  Automated modal identification in operational conditions and its application to bridges , 2013 .

[33]  S. Law,et al.  Structural damage localization from modal strain energy change , 1998 .

[34]  Marcello Vanali,et al.  Dynamic Behavior of the Palazzo Lombardia Tower: Comparison of Numerical Models and Experimental Results , 2014 .

[35]  Gabriele D'Antona,et al.  Digital Signal Processing for Measurement Systems: Theory and Applications , 2005 .

[36]  Carlo Rainieri,et al.  Development and validation of an automated operational modal analysis algorithm for vibration-based monitoring and tensile load estimation , 2015 .

[37]  Jyrki Kullaa,et al.  Structural Health Monitoring under Nonlinear Environmental or Operational Influences , 2014 .

[38]  C. Lim,et al.  A generalized flexibility matrix based approach for structural damage detection , 2010 .

[39]  C. Ratcliffe A Frequency and Curvature Based Experimental Method for Locating Damage in Structures , 2000 .

[40]  P. Guillaume,et al.  The PolyMAX Frequency-Domain Method: A New Standard for Modal Parameter Estimation? , 2004 .