ANONYMOUS-KEY QUANTUM CRYPTOGRAPHY AND UNCONDITIONALLY SECURE QUANTUM BIT COMMITMENT

A new cryptographic tool, anonymous quantum key technique, is introduced that leads to unconditionally secure key distribution and encryption schemes that can be readily implemented experimentally in a realistic environment. If quantum memory is available, the technique would have many features of public-key cryptography; an identification protocolthat does not require a shared secret key is provided as an illustration. The possibility is also indicated for obtaining unconditionally secure quantum bit commitment protocols with this technique.

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