Screening and Confirmation Methods for the Qualitative Identification of Nine Phytocannabinoids in Urine by LC-MS/MS.

[1]  G. Bigelow,et al.  Urinary Pharmacokinetic Profile of Cannabidiol (CBD), Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), and their Metabolites Following Oral and Vaporized CBD and Vaporized CBD-Dominant Cannabis Administration. , 2021, Journal of analytical toxicology.

[2]  A. Dawidowicz,et al.  Conversion of cannabidiol (CBD) to Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) during protein precipitations prior to plasma samples analysis by chromatography - Troubles with reliable CBD quantitation when acidic precipitation agents are applied. , 2020, Talanta.

[3]  Melissa M Goggin,et al.  Using measured cannabidiol and tetrahydrocannabinol metabolites in urine to differentiate marijuana use from consumption of commercial cannabidiol products , 2020, Clinical toxicology.

[4]  John D. Roberts,et al.  Urinary Cannabinoid Mass Spectrometry Profiles Differentiate Dronabinol from Cannabis Use. , 2020, Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry.

[5]  M. Huestis,et al.  Identifying and Quantifying Cannabinoids in Biological Matrices in the Medical and Legal Cannabis Era. , 2020, Clinical chemistry.

[6]  B. Gidal,et al.  A Phase I, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Single Ascending Dose, Multiple Dose, and Food Effect Trial of the Safety, Tolerability and Pharmacokinetics of Highly Purified Cannabidiol in Healthy Subjects , 2018, CNS Drugs.

[7]  M. Huestis,et al.  Optimization of recombinant β-glucuronidase hydrolysis and quantification of eight urinary cannabinoids and metabolites by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. , 2018, Drug testing and analysis.

[8]  A. Usobiaga,et al.  Simultaneous quantification of major cannabinoids and metabolites in human urine and plasma by HPLC-MS/MS and enzyme-alkaline hydrolysis. , 2017, Drug testing and analysis.

[9]  L. Hanuš,et al.  Human Metabolites of Cannabidiol: A Review on Their Formation, Biological Activity, and Relevance in Therapy , 2016, Cannabis and cannabinoid research.

[10]  Nathalie A. Desrosiers,et al.  Urinary cannabinoid disposition in occasional and frequent smokers: is THC-glucuronide in sequential urine samples a marker of recent use in frequent smokers? , 2014, Clinical chemistry.

[11]  Y. Hurd,et al.  Impact of enzymatic and alkaline hydrolysis on CBD concentration in urine , 2013, Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry.

[12]  J. Crippa,et al.  Safety and side effects of cannabidiol, a Cannabis sativa constituent. , 2011, Current drug safety.

[13]  M. Huestis,et al.  Validation of a two-dimensional gas chromatography mass spectrometry method for the simultaneous quantification of cannabidiol, Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), 11-hydroxy-THC, and 11-nor-9-carboxy-THC in plasma , 2010, Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry.

[14]  M. Huestis,et al.  Simultaneous GC–EI-MS Determination of Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol, 11-Hydroxy-Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol, and 11-nor-9-Carboxy-Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol in Human Urine Following Tandem Enzyme-Alkaline Hydrolysis , 2007 .

[15]  F. Guimarães,et al.  Cannabidiol, a Cannabis sativa constituent, as an antipsychotic drug. , 2006, Brazilian journal of medical and biological research = Revista brasileira de pesquisas medicas e biologicas.

[16]  H. Dewit,et al.  Delta9-tetrahydrocannabivarin as a marker for the ingestion of marijuana versus Marinol: results of a clinical study. , 2001, Journal of analytical toxicology.

[17]  F. E. Nixon,et al.  Cannabinoids in humans. II. The influence of three methods of hydrolysis on the concentration of THC and two metabolites in urine. , 1995, Journal of analytical toxicology.

[18]  M. Wall,et al.  The Metabolism of Δ9‐Tetrahydrocannabinol and Related Cannabinoids in Man , 1981 .

[19]  P. Williams,et al.  Identification in human urine of Δ9‐tetrahydrocannabinol‐11‐oic acid glucuronide: a tetrahydrocannabinol metabolite , 1980, The Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology.

[20]  E. Carlini,et al.  Chronic administration of cannabidiol to healthy volunteers and epileptic patients. , 1980, Pharmacology.

[21]  M. Elsohly,et al.  Phytochemistry of Cannabis sativa L. , 2017, Progress in the chemistry of organic natural products.

[22]  S. Paterson,et al.  Production of identical retention times and mass spectra for {delta}9-tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol following derivatization with trifluoracetic anhydride with 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropanol*. , 2012, Journal of analytical toxicology.

[23]  Jane S. C. Tsai,et al.  Immunoassays for the Detection of Cannabis Abuse , 2007 .

[24]  M. Huestis Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of the plant cannabinoids, delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol, cannabidiol and cannabinol. , 2005, Handbook of experimental pharmacology.

[25]  D. Harvey,et al.  Metabolites of cannabidiol identified in human urine. , 1990, Xenobiotica; the fate of foreign compounds in biological systems.

[26]  M. Widman,et al.  Urinary metabolites of delta 1-tetrahydrocannabinol in man. , 1982, Arzneimittel-Forschung.

[27]  R. Mechoulam,et al.  Hashish—VII : The isomerization of cannabidiol to tetrahydrocannabinols , 1966 .