The objective evaluation of teachers ' teaching quality can stimulate teachers' teaching enthusiasm and improve teaching quality. In this paper we apply an algorithm based on Boolean matrix in rough set for data analysis on the evaluation of teachers ' teaching quality, optimize the evaluation index and generate easy and valid decision rules. The correctness and effectiveness of the decision rules are verified by theoretical analysis and experiment simulation. The quality of teaching is the life of colleges and universities, and the quality evaluation of the teachers' teaching is the means to encourage teachers to devote themselves to reform teaching and improve the teaching quality. The objective and fair evaluation of the teachers' teaching work, is a powerful tool of the school teaching management department for teaching quality control and management. At present, the evaluation of the teaching quality in colleges and universities is mainly based on expert evaluation, student evaluation and leader evaluation. Because of people's feeling and experience, the subjectivity of the evaluation is relatively large. It is very difficult to ensure the teaching quality objectively and fairly. Rough set can be used to handle fuzzy and imprecise problems. And it can mine potential, valuable knowledge objectively from the large numbers of data without any prior knowledge. So In this paper we propose an algorithm for the evaluation of teachers' teaching quality, based on Boolean matrix in rough set optimize the evaluation index and generate easy and valid decision rules. It can provide some guidance for the evaluation of teachers' teaching quality objective and fairly.