Mach-Zehnder interferometer readout for instantaneous sensor calibration and extraction of endlessly unwrapped phase

We demonstrate a robust concept for instantaneous extraction of fringe order and unwrapped phase in integrated Mach-Zehnder sensors without continuous tracking. The scheme exploits a frequency-modulated probe laser and a 2×3 MMI at the sensor output and allows for continuous self-calibration and high-resolution phase detection.