Achieving convergence in operational transformation: conditions, mechanisms and systems

In this paper, we present a comprehensive and in-depth study on convergence preservation and avoidance in Operational Transformation (OT) systems. In this study, we discovered basic conditions, transformation patterns, and mechanisms for avoiding Convergence Property 2 (CP2), and established CP2-avoidance correctness of seven major OT systems. Furthermore, we proposed improvements to existing systems and designed a new OT system capable of avoiding CP2 with a unique combination of novel features. These results contribute significantly to the advancement of OT and collaboration-enabling technology.

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