All or nothing? A second look at partial levator avulsion

To define associations between partial levator trauma and symptoms and signs of pelvic organ prolapse (POP).

[1]  J. Deprest,et al.  Pregnancy, labour and delivery as risk factors for pelvic organ prolapse: a systematic review , 2021, International Urogynecology Journal.

[2]  S. Sheth.  AIUM/IUGA practice parameter for the performance of Urogynecological ultrasound examinations , 2019, International Urogynecology Journal.

[3]  G. Eslick,et al.  Delivery mode and the risk of levator muscle avulsion: a meta-analysis , 2019, International Urogynecology Journal.

[4]  H. Dietz,et al.  Association between ICS POP‐Q coordinates and translabial ultrasound findings: implications for definition of ‘normal pelvic organ support’ , 2016, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

[5]  L. Quiroz,et al.  Ultrasound Imaging of the Pelvic Floor. , 2016, Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America.

[6]  A. Khashan,et al.  Status of the pelvic floor in young primiparous women , 2015, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

[7]  J. Inthout,et al.  The natural history of levator avulsion one year following childbirth: a prospective study , 2015, BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology.

[8]  R. Thakar,et al.  Levator ani muscle avulsion during childbirth: a risk prediction model , 2014, BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology.

[9]  H. Dietz,et al.  Use of a visual analog scale for evaluation of bother from pelvic organ prolapse , 2014, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

[10]  M. Berger,et al.  Levator ani defect scores and pelvic organ prolapse: is there a threshold effect? , 2014, International Urogynecology Journal.

[11]  H. Dietz,et al.  OC19.01: Recurrence after prolapse surgery: does partial avulsion matter? , 2013 .

[12]  S. Shobeiri,et al.  Levator Ani Deficiency and Pelvic Organ Prolapse Severity , 2013, Obstetrics and gynecology.

[13]  H. Dietz,et al.  Pelvic floor structure and function in women with vesicovaginal fistula. , 2012, The Journal of urology.

[14]  V. Wong,et al.  A simplified method for determining hiatal biometry , 2011, The Australian & New Zealand journal of obstetrics & gynaecology.

[15]  H. Dietz,et al.  OP34.01: Tomographic imaging of the pelvic floor in nulliparous women: limits of normality , 2011 .

[16]  Ming Ma,et al.  Levator avulsion using a tomographic ultrasound and magnetic resonance-based model. , 2011, American journal of obstetrics and gynecology.

[17]  H. Dietz,et al.  Minimal criteria for the diagnosis of avulsion of the puborectalis muscle by tomographic ultrasound , 2011, International Urogynecology Journal.

[18]  H. Dietz,et al.  Levator avulsion is a risk factor for cystocele recurrence , 2010, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

[19]  H. Dietz,et al.  Avulsion injury and levator hiatal ballooning: two independent risk factors for prolapse? An observational study , 2009, Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica.

[20]  H. Dietz,et al.  The levator–urethra gap measurement: a more objective means of determining levator avulsion? , 2008, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

[21]  H. Dietz.  Quantification of major morphological abnormalities of the levator ani , 2007, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

[22]  James A Ashton-Miller,et al.  Comparison of Levator Ani Muscle Defects and Function in Women With and Without Pelvic Organ Prolapse , 2007, Obstetrics and gynecology.

[23]  H. Dietz,et al.  The prevalence of major abnormalities of the levator ani in urogynaecological patients , 2006, BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology.

[24]  J. Delancey,et al.  Interrater reliability and physical examination of the pubovisceral portion of the levator ani muscle, validity comparisons using MR imaging , 2006, Neurourology and urodynamics.

[25]  Marianna Jakab,et al.  Three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging assessment of levator ani morphologic features in different grades of prolapse. , 2003, American journal of obstetrics and gynecology.

[26]  John O L DeLancey,et al.  The Appearance of Levator Ani Muscle Abnormalities in Magnetic Resonance Images After Vaginal Delivery , 2003, Obstetrics and gynecology.

[27]  L. Brubaker,et al.  The standardization of terminology of female pelvic organ prolapse and pelvic floor dysfunction. , 1996, American journal of obstetrics and gynecology.

[28]  G. Eslick,et al.  Risk factors for prolapse recurrence: systematic review and meta-analysis , 2017, International Urogynecology Journal.

[29]  H. Dietz,et al.  Tomographic ultrasound of the pelvic floor: which levels matter most? , 2008 .