Optimal Fractal Antenna for In-Vehicle Entertainment Application

A wideband microstrip fractal antenna is presented in this study for satellite reception for in-vehicle entertainment (IVE) application. The antenna geometry is composed of circular structures that follow a logarithmic decrement rule as they cover the entirety of the board. The antenna is modelled and simulated in CST microwave studio environment and optimized with a modified particle swarm optimization algorithm which induces mutation to the previous velocity of particles that did not improve their fitness value in the previous iteration. The optimization goals are low S11 and high forward gain in the 11.7–12.7 GHz band which covers the broadcasting-satellite service downlink frequencies. The dimensions of the optimized fractal antenna are small enough for IVE use.

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