An interferometric observation of topological effect by novel axially symmetrical wave plate

Both optical vortices and polarization vortices (vectorial vortices) are known to have attracted great interest in the field of optics. Although there have been some proposals concerning axially symmetrical polarizers, also referred to as radial polarizers, axially symmetrical wave plates (AS-WPs) have not previously been proposed. Particularly, the AS-WP has strongly dependence on both the wavelength and the temperature. Moreover, the structure of AS-WPs inherently introduce spatial dispersion. As a solution to these problems, we have proposed an achromatic axially symmetrical wave plate (AAS-WP) based on Fresnel reflection that does not introduce spatial dispersion. In this paper, we show the principle of generation, the optical properties of the optical element, and the generation method of the vortex spectrum for changing the polarization order, a well-known characteristic in singularity optics Moreover, in this paper, we also describe a generation technique for a high-order optical vortex based on geometric phase and the interferometric observation of the topological effect of the proposed AAS-WP.