Vertical Displacement of Bridges using the SOFO 1 System: a Fiber Optic Monitoring Method for Structures

In many bridges, the vertical displacements are the most relevant parameters to be monitored in both the short and long term. Current methods (such as triangulation , water levels or mechanical extensometers…) are often tedious to use and require the intervention of specialised operators. The resulting complexity and costs limit the temporal frequency of these traditional measurements. The spatial resolution obtained is in general low and only the presence of anomalies in the global structural behaviour can be detected and warrant a deeper and mo re precise evaluation. To measure bridge vertical displacements at low cost and frequently in time, one solution consists of installing a network of fiber optic sensors during concrete pouring or installing them on the surface of the structure. By subdivi ding the whole structure into structural elements and those elements into cells that are analysed by the sensors, it is possible to obtain information about the average cell deformation (e.g., mean curvature) that can then be combined to obtain the global structural displacement field. This measurement methodology was applied to the Lutrive Highway Bridge in Switzerland in order to measure the variation in vertical bridge displacements due to a static load test. The results obtained using the low coherence interferometric sensors of the SOFO system were then compared with the displacements obtained through an optic levelling system. In the case of this cantilever bridge of 60 meters half-span equipped with 30 fiber optic sensors, a discrepancy of 7 % was obtained between the two measuring systems.