On coupled languages and translations

A class of formal grammars called coupled grammars are introduced. These are formal generative models for languages as well as translations. As language generating devices these are more powerful than context-free grammars and as translation generating devices these arc more powerful than syntax directed translation schemes. Three parameters of these grammars: degree, order and µ-simplicity are identified, which characterize aspects of their description. The structures induced on coupled languages and translations by restrictions placed on the values of these parameters (of coupled grammars), are studied. Some of the specific results are: the degree and order induce infinite proper hierarchies on the classes of coupled languages and translations.

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