Design and fabrication of polymer-based photonic crystals

Photonic have crystals shown promise in a variety of applications. Recently, there has been a great interest in designing and building three-dimensional (3D) photonic crystals whose fabrication can be integrated with standard CMOS processes. In this paper, we explore both of these areas in more detail. We first present techniques for modeling 3D photonic crystals and the analysis of practical lattice configurations. We then discuss our process for fabricating such structures built on standard lithography methods. We conclude by showing how these techniques have been used to design and build practical photonic crystal structures capable integration with CMOS circuitry.