In vitro skin irritation assays: relevance to human skin.

The events occurring in primary skin irritation in vivo represent a complex series of chemical and physiological changes. Animals have been used to assess dermal irritation by observation of visible changes ranging from erythema and edema to corrosion and ulceration in the in vivo Draize rabbit skin test accepted by many regulatory agencies [Draize et al., 1944]. These responses, easily observed, are produced by diverse mechanisms.

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