The Neurostimulation Appropriateness Consensus Committee (NACC) Safety Guidelines for the Reduction of Severe Neurological Injury

Neurostimulation involves the implantation of devices to stimulate the brain, spinal cord, or peripheral or cranial nerves for the purpose of modulating the neural activity of the targeted structures to achieve specific therapeutic effects. Surgical placement of neurostimulation devices is associated with risks of neurologic injury, as well as possible sequelae from the local or systemic effects of the intervention. The goal of the Neurostimulation Appropriateness Consensus Committee (NACC) is to improve the safety of neurostimulation.

[1]  M. Saulino,et al.  The Neurostimulation Appropriateness Consensus Committee (NACC) Recommendations for Infection Prevention and Management , 2017, Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society.

[2]  M. Saulino,et al.  The Polyanalgesic Consensus Conference (PACC): Recommendations for Intrathecal Drug Delivery: Guidance for Improving Safety and Mitigating Risks , 2017, Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society.

[3]  K. Slavin,et al.  The Neurostimulation Appropriateness Consensus Committee (NACC): Recommendations on Bleeding and Coagulation Management in Neurostimulation Devices , 2017, Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society.

[4]  E. Kasper,et al.  Iatrogenic spinal hematoma as a complication of lumbar puncture: What is the risk and best management plan? , 2016, Surgical neurology international.

[5]  Louis P. Vera-Portocarrero,et al.  Muscle Activation During Peripheral Nerve Field Stimulation Occurs Due to Recruitment of Efferent Nerve Fibers, Not Direct Muscle Activation , 2016, Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society.

[6]  S. Falowski,et al.  Neuromonitoring protocol for spinal cord stimulator cases with case descriptions , 2016 .

[7]  K. Domino,et al.  Injury and Liability Associated with Implantable Devices for Chronic Pain , 2016, Anesthesiology.

[8]  T. Simopoulos,et al.  The Incidence and Management of Postdural Puncture Headache in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Lead Placement for Spinal Cord Stimulation , 2016, Neuromodulation (Malden, Mass.).

[9]  W. Schievink,et al.  Diffuse non-aneurysmal SAH in spontaneous intracranial hypotension: Sequela of ventral CSF leak? , 2016, Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache.

[10]  Louis P. Vera-Portocarrero,et al.  Nerve Fiber Activation During Peripheral Nerve Field Stimulation: Importance of Electrode Orientation and Estimation of Area of Paresthesia , 2016, Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society.

[11]  S Harrison Farber,et al.  The Incidence of Spinal Cord Injury in Implantation of Percutaneous and Paddle Electrodes for Spinal Cord Stimulation , 2016, Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society.

[12]  Maunak V. Rana,et al.  An International Survey to Understand Infection Control Practices for Spinal Cord Stimulation , 2016, Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society.

[13]  P. Staats,et al.  Prospective, Multicenter, Randomized, Double‐Blinded, Partial Crossover Study to Assess the Safety and Efficacy of the Novel Neuromodulation System in the Treatment of Patients With Chronic Pain of Peripheral Nerve Origin , 2016, Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society.

[14]  S. Hayek,et al.  Treatment‐Limiting Complications of Percutaneous Spinal Cord Stimulator Implants: A Review of Eight Years of Experience From an Academic Center Database , 2015, Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society.

[15]  Thomas L Yearwood,et al.  Novel 10-kHz High-frequency Therapy (HF10 Therapy) Is Superior to Traditional Low-frequency Spinal Cord Stimulation for the Treatment of Chronic Back and Leg Pain: The SENZA-RCT Randomized Controlled Trial , 2015, Anesthesiology.

[16]  F. Nahm,et al.  Peripheral Nerve Stimulation for the Treatment of Chronic Intractable Headaches: Long-term Efficacy and Safety Study. , 2015, Pain physician.

[17]  J. Neal,et al.  The Second ASRA Practice Advisory on Neurologic Complications Associated With Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine: Executive Summary 2015 , 2015, Regional Anesthesia & Pain Medicine.

[18]  J. Nguyen,et al.  Simultaneous Deep Brain Stimulation/Motor Cortex Stimulation Trial for Neuropathic Pain: Fishing with Dynamite? , 2015, Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery.

[19]  T. Deer,et al.  One‐Year Outcomes of Spinal Cord Stimulation of the Dorsal Root Ganglion in the Treatment of Chronic Neuropathic Pain , 2015, Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society.

[20]  C. Yampolsky,et al.  Is spinal cord stimulation safe? A review of its complications. , 2014, World neurosurgery.

[21]  C. Dirksen,et al.  Spinal Cord Stimulation and Pain Relief in Painful Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy: A Prospective Two-Center Randomized Controlled Trial , 2014, Diabetes Care.

[22]  Lawrence Poree,et al.  The Appropriate Use of Neurostimulation: Avoidance and Treatment of Complications of Neurostimulation Therapies for the Treatment of Chronic Pain , 2014, Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society.

[23]  P. Staats,et al.  The Appropriate Use of Neurostimulation: New and Evolving Neurostimulation Therapies and Applicable Treatment for Chronic Pain and Selected Disease States , 2014, Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society.

[24]  S. Eldabe,et al.  Percutaneous Peripheral Neuromodulation Lead Insertion Using a Novel Stimulating Coudé Needle , 2014, Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society.

[25]  F. Shellock,et al.  Evaluation of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Issues for a Wirelessly Powered Lead Used for Epidural, Spinal Cord Stimulation , 2014, Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society.

[26]  K. Miller,et al.  Lack of Efficacy of Motor Cortex Stimulation for the Treatment of Neuropathic Pain in 14 Patients , 2014, Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society.

[27]  M. Boakye,et al.  Utilization of Spinal Cord Stimulation in Patients With Failed Back Surgery Syndrome , 2014, Spine.

[28]  O. K. Andersen,et al.  Mathematical Model of Nerve Fiber Activation During Low Back Peripheral Nerve Field Stimulation: Analysis of Electrode Implant Depth , 2014, Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society.

[29]  J. Shah,et al.  Spontaneous intracranial hypotension. , 2014, The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India.

[30]  R. Eleopra,et al.  Chronic post-traumatic neuropathic pain of brachial plexus and upper limb: a new technique of peripheral nerve stimulation , 2014, Neurosurgical Review.

[31]  H. Binder,et al.  Peripheral Nerve Field Stimulation (PNFS) in Chronic Low Back Pain: A Prospective Multicenter Study , 2014, Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society.

[32]  G. Barolat,et al.  Peripheral Nerve Field Stimulation for the Management of Localized Chronic Intractable Back Pain: Results From a Randomized Controlled Study , 2013, Neuromodulation (Malden, Mass.).

[33]  A. Lozano,et al.  Acute complications of movement disorders surgery: Effects of age and comorbidities , 2013, Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society.

[34]  L. Poree,et al.  Epidural Hematomas After Removal of Percutaneous Spinal Cord Stimulator Trial Leads: Two Case Reports , 2013, Regional Anesthesia & Pain Medicine.

[35]  D. Koyyalagunta,et al.  Infectious complications related to intrathecal drug delivery system and spinal cord stimulator system implantations at a comprehensive cancer pain center. , 2013, Pain physician.

[36]  K. Slavin,et al.  An update on peripheral nerve stimulation. , 2012, Journal of neurosurgical sciences.

[37]  P. M. Munarriz,et al.  Dorsal myelopathy secondary to epidural fibrous scar tissue around a spinal cord stimulation electrode. , 2012, Journal of neurosurgery. Spine.

[38]  J. Shils,et al.  Intraoperative Neurophysiologic Methods for Spinal Cord Stimulator Placement Under General Anesthesia , 2012, Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society.

[39]  G. Monsalve.  Motor cortex stimulation for facial chronic neuropathic pain: A review of the literature , 2012, Surgical neurology international.

[40]  Jerome Goldstein,et al.  Safety and efficacy of peripheral nerve stimulation of the occipital nerves for the management of chronic migraine: Long-term results from a randomized, multicenter, double-blinded, controlled study , 2012, Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache.

[41]  T. Han,et al.  Spinal cord stimulator and epidural haematoma. , 2012, British journal of anaesthesia.

[42]  Jean-Pascal Lefaucheur,et al.  Invasive brain stimulation for the treatment of neuropathic pain , 2011, Nature Reviews Neurology.

[43]  K. Slavin,et al.  Incidence and Avoidance of Neurologic Complications with Paddle Type Spinal Cord Stimulation Leads , 2011, Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society.

[44]  L. Bartolomei,et al.  Hardware-related infections after deep brain stimulation surgery: review of incidence, severity and management in 212 single-center procedures in the first year after implantation , 2011, Acta Neurochirurgica.

[45]  J. Pope,et al.  The management of accidental dural puncture and postdural puncture headache: a North American survey. , 2011, Journal of clinical anesthesia.

[46]  M. Schaefer,et al.  Incidence and characteristics of complications from epidural steroid injections. , 2011, Pain medicine.

[47]  Jianguo Cheng,et al.  Retrospective Review of 707 Cases of Spinal Cord Stimulation: Indications and Complications , 2011, Pain practice : the official journal of World Institute of Pain.

[48]  A. Sestokas,et al.  Awake vs. Asleep Placement of Spinal Cord Stimulators: A Cohort Analysis of Complications Associated With Placement , 2011, Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society.

[49]  J. Lefaucheur,et al.  Treatment of Poststroke Pain by Epidural Motor Cortex Stimulation With a New Octopolar Lead , 2011, Neurosurgery.

[50]  F. Guillén,et al.  Spinal Cord Compression From a Foreign Body Reaction to Spinal Cord Stimulation: A Previously Unreported Complication , 2010, Spine.

[51]  R. Lipton,et al.  Post‐Dural Puncture Headache: Part II – Prevention, Management, and Prognosis , 2010, Headache.

[52]  Clark C Smith,et al.  A report of paraparesis following spinal cord stimulator trial, implantation and revision. , 2010, Pain physician.

[53]  B. Quinio,et al.  Cervical cord compression due to delayed scarring around epidural electrodes used in spinal cord stimulation. , 2010, Journal of neurosurgery. Spine.

[54]  D. Hellwig,et al.  Skin complications in deep brain stimulation for Parkinson’s disease: frequency, time course, and risk factors , 2010, Acta Neurochirurgica.

[55]  G. Heit,et al.  Recurrent Seizures Related to Motor Cortex Stimulator Programming , 2010, Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society.

[56]  A. Burgher,et al.  Ultrasound-guided permanent implantation of peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) system for neuropathic pain of the extremities: original cases and outcomes. , 2009, Pain medicine.

[57]  Patrick Maison,et al.  Motor cortex stimulation for the treatment of refractory peripheral neuropathic pain. , 2009, Brain : a journal of neurology.

[58]  John T. Gale,et al.  RISK FACTORS FOR HEMORRHAGE DURING MICROELECTRODE‐GUIDED DEEP BRAIN STIMULATION AND THE INTRODUCTION OF AN IMPROVED MICROELECTRODE DESIGN , 2009, Neurosurgery.

[59]  Lorri A. Lee,et al.  ASRA Practice Advisory on Neurologic Complications in Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine , 2008, Regional Anesthesia & Pain Medicine.

[60]  E. Aldrich,et al.  Epidural Abscess Due to Spinal Cord Stimulator Trial , 2008, Pain practice : the official journal of World Institute of Pain.

[61]  T. Deer,et al.  Complications of Spinal Cord Stimulation: Identification, Treatment, and Prevention , 2008 .

[62]  M. Velasco,et al.  Efficacy of motor cortex stimulation in the treatment of neuropathic pain: a randomized double-blind trial. , 2008, Journal of neurosurgery.

[63]  Pierre Brugières,et al.  Treatment of chronic neuropathic pain by motor cortex stimulation: Results of a bicentric controlled crossover trial , 2008, Brain Stimulation.

[64]  Karl A. Sillay,et al.  Deep brain stimulator hardware-related infections: incidence and management in a large series. , 2008, Neurosurgery.

[65]  E. A. Chiocca,et al.  A retrospective analysis of reasons for reoperation following initially successful peripheral nerve stimulation. , 2007, Journal of neurosurgery.

[66]  Nader Pouratian,et al.  Incidence of symptomatic hemorrhage after stereotactic electrode placement. , 2007, Journal of neurosurgery.

[67]  C. F. Barnett,et al.  Introduction of Infection Control Measures to Reduce Infection Associated With Implantable Pain Therapy Devices , 2007, Pain practice : the official journal of World Institute of Pain.

[68]  J. P. Johnson,et al.  Quadriparesis and Spinal Cord Stimulation: Case Report , 2007, Spine.

[69]  R. H. Rho,et al.  Management of Cerebral Spinal Fluid Leak Complicating Spinal Cord Stimulator Implantation , 2006, Pain practice : the official journal of World Institute of Pain.

[70]  Krishna Kumar,et al.  Complications of spinal cord stimulation, suggestions to improve outcome, and financial impact. , 2006, Journal of neurosurgery. Spine.

[71]  Christoph Stippich,et al.  Motor cortex stimulation for long-term relief of chronic neuropathic pain: A 10 year experience , 2006, Pain.

[72]  Krishna Kumar,et al.  Spinal Cord Stimulation in Treatment of Chronic Benign Pain: Challenges in Treatment Planning and Present Status, a 22-Year Experience , 2006, Neurosurgery.

[73]  Roland Peyron,et al.  Motor cortex stimulation for refractory neuropathic pain: Four year outcome and predictors of efficacy , 2005, Pain.

[74]  Philip A Starr,et al.  Risk Factors for Hemorrhage during Microelectrode-guided Deep Brain Stimulator Implantation for Movement Disorders , 2005, Neurosurgery.

[75]  P. Ferroli,et al.  Huge epidural hematoma after surgery for spinal cord stimulation , 2005, Acta Neurochirurgica.

[76]  J. Drake,et al.  Prevention and Management of Intrathecal Drug Delivery and Spinal Cord Stimulation System Infections , 2004, Anesthesiology.

[77]  T. Cameron,et al.  Safety and efficacy of spinal cord stimulation for the treatment of chronic pain: a 20-year literature review. , 2004, Journal of neurosurgery.

[78]  Lorri A. Lee,et al.  Chronic Pain Management: American Society of Anesthesiologists Closed Claims Project , 2004, Anesthesiology.

[79]  T. Varma,et al.  Long-Term Outcome of Spinal Cord Stimulation and Hardware Complications , 2004, Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery.

[80]  J. Taha,et al.  An Analysis of the Respective Risks of Hematoma Formation in 361 Consecutive Morphological and Functional Stereotactic Procedures , 2002, Neurosurgery.

[81]  C. Mulrow,et al.  Current methods of the US Preventive Services Task Force: a review of the process. , 2001, American journal of preventive medicine.

[82]  H C de Vet,et al.  Spinal cord stimulation in patients with chronic reflex sympathetic dystrophy. , 2000, The New England journal of medicine.

[83]  Philippe Decq,et al.  Chronic motor cortex stimulation in the treatment of central and neuropathic pain. Correlations between clinical, electrophysiological and anatomical data , 1999, PAIN.

[84]  Teresa C. Horan,et al.  Guideline for Prevention of Surgical Site Infection, 1999 , 1999, Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology.

[85]  H. Waisbrod,et al.  Direct nerve stimulation for painful peripheral neuropathies. , 1985, The Journal of bone and joint surgery. British volume.

[86]  H. Mangurten,et al.  A 10-Year Experience , 2017 .

[87]  R. Simpson,et al.  Spinal stimulator peri-electrode masses: case report. , 2015, Journal of neurosurgery. Spine.

[88]  S. Palfi,et al.  Motor cortex stimulation in the treatment of neuropathic pain. , 2012, Neurologia i neurochirurgia polska.

[89]  K. Slavin,et al.  The future of peripheral nerve stimulation. , 2011, Progress in neurological surgery.

[90]  T. Deer.  Complications of Spinal Cord Stimulation , 2011 .

[91]  Ronald A. Wasserman,et al.  Subdural hematoma following spinal cord stimulator implant. , 2008, Pain physician.

[92]  Y. Saitoh,et al.  Primary motor cortex stimulation within the central sulcus for treating deafferentation pain. , 2003, Acta neurochirurgica. Supplement.

[93]  T. Horan,et al.  Guideline for prevention of surgical site infection. , 2000, Bulletin of the American College of Surgeons.

[94]  M. Gilchrist.  Recommendations for Preventing the Spread of Vancomycin Resistance , 1995, Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology.

[95]  T Hirayama,et al.  Chronic motor cortex stimulation for the treatment of central pain. , 1991, Acta neurochirurgica. Supplementum.

[96]  D. S. Bright,et al.  Long-term pain control by direct peripheral-nerve stimulation. , 1982, The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume.