Extraversion-introversion and the EEG.

Studies relating measures of the EEG to extraversion—introversion are reviewed and criteria set up for their evaluation. A new measure of mean dominant frequency is proposed. Extravert and introvert EEGs are compared, firstly across the whole frequency range (with eyes closed) and secondly across theta, alpha and beta ranges under alternating conditions of eyes closed/eyes open. With the eyes closed, the extravert EEG is higher in integrated output than the introvert EEG across the whole measured range, the differences in output being greater in the lower alpha range. Such differences in alpha are not so readily apparent with eyes closed when recording with a gross filter which fails to discriminate among within-alpha frequencies. However, with eyes open, and given monotonous visual stimulation, even a gross filter shows differential output. Prolonged recording also reveals differences in theta and beta these differences are stronger when the eyes are shut.

[1]  J. Knott,et al.  A note on the relationship between duration and amplitude of cortical potentials. , 1937 .

[2]  A. Gottlober.  The relationship between brain potentials and personality. , 1938 .

[3]  J. Knott,et al.  A note on the relationship between 'personality' and the alpha rhythm of the electroencephalogram. , 1941 .

[4]  W. Grey Walter,et al.  The Objective Study of Mental Imagery , 1943 .

[5]  A. Mundy-castle,et al.  Theta and beta rhythm in the electroencephalograms of normal adults. , 1951, Electroencephalography and clinical neurophysiology.

[6]  H. Eysenck.  The structure of human personality , 1953 .

[7]  J. D. Green,et al.  Hippocampal electrical activity in arousal. , 1954, Journal of neurophysiology.

[8]  R. J. Ellingson,et al.  ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN “NORMAL” EEG PATTERNS AND PERSONALITY VARIABLES , 1955, The Journal of nervous and mental disease.

[9]  E. Grastyán,et al.  Hippocampal electrical activity during the development of conditioned reflexes. , 1959, Electroencephalography and clinical neurophysiology.

[10]  H. Scheffé.  The Analysis of Variance , 1960 .

[11]  P. Bakan,et al.  Extraversion-introversion and improvement in an auditory vigilance task. , 1959, British journal of psychology.

[12]  H. Eysenck.  Biological Basis of Personality , 1963, Nature.

[13]  R. S. Daniel,et al.  Electroencephalographic Correlogram Ratios and Their Stability , 1964, Science.

[14]  W. P. Colquhoun,et al.  The Effects of Time of Day and Social Isolation on the Relationship Between Temperament and Performance , 1964 .

[15]  A. Glass.  MENTAL ARITHMETIC AND BLOCKING OF THE OCCIPITAL ALPHA RHYTHM. , 1964, Electroencephalography and clinical neurophysiology.

[16]  J. Gray,et al.  STRENGTH OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM AS A DIMENSION OF PERSONALITY IN MAN , 1964 .

[17]  E. Howarth.  Differences between Extraverts and Intraverts on a Button-Pressing Task , 1964 .

[18]  C. W. Simon,et al.  Sleeping and Waking , 1964 .

[19]  R. Savage.  Electro-Cerebral Activity, Extraversion and Neuroticism , 1964, British Journal of Psychiatry.

[20]  R. S. Daniel.  Electroencephalographic pattern quantification and the arousal continuum. , 1965, Psychophysiology.

[21]  J. Calvet,et al.  Diffuse cortical activation waves during so-called desynchronized EEG patterns. , 1965, Journal of neurophysiology.

[22]  A. Jensen,et al.  The measurement of reactive inhibition in humans. , 1966, The Journal of general psychology.

[23]  A. Routtenberg.  Neural mechanisms of sleep: changing view of reticular formation function. , 1966, Psychological review.

[24]  J. A. Gengerelli,et al.  Spectrographic analysis of electroenephalograms under conditions of alertness and relaxation. , 1966, The Journal of psychology.

[25]  M. Hogan.  Influence of Motivation on Reactive Inhibition in Extra Version-Introversion , 1966, Perceptual and motor skills.

[26]  J. Gray,et al.  Strength of the nervous system, introversion-extraversion, conditionability and arousal. , 1967, Behaviour research and therapy.

[27]  An analysis of the concept of arousal. , 1967 .

[28]  G. Fenton,et al.  Personality and the Alpha Rhythm , 1967, British Journal of Psychiatry.

[29]  R. S. Daniel,et al.  Alpha and Theta EEG in Vigilance , 1967, Perceptual and motor skills.

[30]  Richard F. Thompson.  Foundations of physiological psychology , 1967 .