Archaeology of the pearl shelling industry in Torres Strait

In 1869, European traders discovered commercially viable quantities of pearl shell on Warrior Reef, central Torres Strait. This marked the beginning of a period of population increase within Torres Strait along with a sustained European colonial presence. This paper outlines an initial archaeological investigation into the early pear shelling industry of Torres Strait. It examines the historical and archaeological evidence associated with the shore-based pearl shelling stations of Wai Weer Islands and Good's Island. Features such as boat slipways, groynes, house sites, work sheds, gravesites and signal stations provide evidence for the nature and operation of this aspect of the industry. The introduction and adaptation of European watercraft such as mother ships, luggers, apparatus boats and swimming boats, to service and maintain the pearl shelling industry is documented and evidence is presented for their role in the movement of people and pearl shell throughout Torres Strait.