The Downside of Self-Management: A Longitudinal Study of the Effects tf Conflict on Trust, Autonomy, and Task Interdependence in Self-Managing Teams

The very flexibility and adaptability that make self-managing teams effective can also be limiting and dysfunctional. I propose that self-managing teams may unintentionally restructure themselves inefficiently in response to conflict. Although detrimental consequences of conflict are normally considered as process-related, I explore possible structure-related effects. Specifically, I suggest that increased team conflict is associated with lower intrateam trust, which in turn may influence team structure by (1) reducing individual autonomy and (2) loosening task interdependencies in teams. This combination makes for a less than ideal team design. Longitudinal data from 35 self-managing teams support these expectations.

[1]  D. Hambrick,et al.  FACTIONAL GROUPS: A NEW VANTAGE ON DEMOGRAPHIC FAULTLINES, CONFLICT, AND DISINTEGRATION IN WORK TEAMS , 2005 .

[2]  Claus W. Langfred Autonomy and Performance in Teams: The Multilevel Moderating Effect of Task Interdependence , 2005 .

[3]  M. Taylor,et al.  Extending the Chain of Relationships Among Organizational Justice, Social Exchange, and Employee Reactions: The Role of Contract Violations , 2005 .

[4]  Claus W. Langfred Too Much of a Good Thing? Negative Effects of High Trust and Individual Autonomy in Self-Managing Teams , 2004 .

[5]  Kristin Behfar,et al.  The dynamic relationship between performance feedback, trust, and conflict in groups: A longitudinal study , 2003 .

[6]  Diether Gebert,et al.  The Risks of Autonomy: Empirical Evidence for the Necessity of a Balance Management in Promoting Organizational Innovativeness , 2003 .

[7]  Y. Vardi,et al.  Misbehavior in Organizations: Theory, Research, and Management , 2003 .

[8]  C. D. De Dreu,et al.  Task versus relationship conflict, team performance, and team member satisfaction: a meta-analysis. , 2003, The Journal of applied psychology.

[9]  S. Kozlowski,et al.  Work Groups and Teams in Organizations , 2003 .

[10]  John Cordery,et al.  Trust, individualism and job characteristics as predictors of employee preference for teamwork , 2003 .

[11]  R. Wageman How Leaders Foster Self-Managing Team Effectiveness: Design Choices Versus Hands-on Coaching , 2001 .

[12]  Bruce Fortado The Metamorphosis of Workplace Conflict , 2001 .

[13]  John E. Mathieu,et al.  A Temporally Based Framework and Taxonomy of Team Processes , 2001 .

[14]  R. Bies,et al.  How employees respond to personal offense: the effects of blame attribution, victim status, and offender status on revenge and reconciliation in the workplace. , 2001, The Journal of applied psychology.

[15]  Claus W. Langfred The paradox of self‐management: individual and group autonomy in work groups , 2000 .

[16]  Wanda J. Orlikowski,et al.  Using Technology and Constituting Structures: A Practice Lens for Studying Technology in Organizations , 2000, Theory in CSCW.

[17]  Murray R. Barrick,et al.  Team Structure and Performance: Assessing the Mediating Role of Intrateam Process and the Moderating Role of Task Type , 2000 .

[18]  G. Northcraft,et al.  You have printed the following article : Why Differences Make a Difference : A Field Study of Diversity , Conflict , and Performance in Workgroups , 2007 .

[19]  Dennis J. Devine Effects of Cognitive Ability, Task Knowledge, Information Sharing, and Conflict on Group Decision-Making Effectiveness , 1999 .

[20]  Gretchen M. Spreitzer,et al.  Giving Up Control without Losing Control , 1999, Group & Organization Management.

[21]  J. H. Davis,et al.  The effect of the performance appraisal system on trust for management: A field quasi-experiment. , 1999 .

[22]  R. Peterson,et al.  Task Conflict snd Relationship Conflict in Top Management Teams:The Pivotal Role of Intragroup Trust. , 1998 .

[23]  Gareth R. Jones,et al.  The experience and evolution of trust: Implications for cooperation and teamwork , 1998 .

[24]  J. Colquitt,et al.  KNOWLEDGE WORKER TEAM EFFECTIVENESS: THE ROLE OF AUTONOMY, INTERDEPENDENCE, TEAM DEVELOPMENT, AND CONTEXTUAL SUPPORT VARIABLES , 1997 .

[25]  S. G. Cohen,et al.  What Makes Teams Work: Group Effectiveness Research from the Shop Floor to the Executive Suite , 1997 .

[26]  George P. Baker,et al.  Incentives and cooperation: the joint effects of task and reward interdependence on group performance , 1997 .

[27]  R. Liden,et al.  Task Interdependence as a Moderator of the Relation Between Group Control and Performance , 1997 .

[28]  Gerald E. Ledford,et al.  A Predictive Model of Self-Managing Work Team Effectiveness , 1996 .

[29]  B. Lilly,et al.  THE EFFECTS OF CONFLICT, TRUST, AND TASK COMMITMENT ON PROJECT TEAM PERFORMANCE , 1996 .

[30]  Allen C. Amason Distinguishing the Effects of Functional and Dysfunctional Conflict on Strategic Decision Making: Resolving a Paradox for Top Management Teams , 1996 .

[31]  Roderick M. Kramer,et al.  Trust in Organizations: Frontiers of Theory and Research , 1995 .

[32]  J. H. Davis,et al.  An Integrative Model Of Organizational Trust , 1995 .

[33]  K. Jehn A Multimethod Examination of the Benefits and Detriments of Intragroup Conflict , 1995 .

[34]  R. Wageman Interdependence and Group Effectiveness , 1995 .

[35]  Daniel J. McAllister Affect- and Cognition-Based Trust as Foundations for Interpersonal Cooperation in Organizations , 1995 .

[36]  K. Jehn ENHANCING EFFECTIVENESS: AN INVESTIGATION OF ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF VALUE‐BASED INTRAGROUP CONFLICT , 1994 .

[37]  Gerald E. Ledford,et al.  The Effectiveness of Self-Managing Teams: A Quasi-Experiment , 1994 .

[38]  Gina J. Medsker,et al.  RELATIONS BETWEEN WORK GROUP CHARACTERISTICS AND EFFECTIVENESS: IMPLICATIONS FOR DESIGNING EFFECTIVE WORK GROUPS , 1993 .

[39]  Lawrence R. James,et al.  Personality, affect, and behavior in groups revisited: Comment on aggregation, levels of analysis, and a recent application of within and between analysis. , 1993 .

[40]  J. Barker Tightening the Iron Cage: Concertive Control in Self-Managing Teams , 1993 .

[41]  L. James,et al.  rwg: An assessment of within-group interrater agreement. , 1993 .

[42]  R. Saavedra,et al.  Complex interdependence in task-performing groups , 1993 .

[43]  John Cordery,et al.  Attitudinal and Behavioral Effects of Autonomous Group Working: A Longitudinal Field Study , 1991 .

[44]  James A. Breaugh,et al.  The Work Autonomy Scales: Additional Validity Evidence , 1989 .

[45]  Shelley E. Taylor,et al.  Illusion and well-being: a social psychological perspective on mental health. , 1988, Psychological bulletin.

[46]  Elizabeth C. Ravlin,et al.  The Design and Activation of Self-Regulating Work Groups , 1987 .

[47]  S. Barley Technology as an occasion for structuring: evidence from observations of CT scanners and the social order of radiology departments. , 1986, Administrative science quarterly.

[48]  A. Giddens The Constitution of Society , 1985 .

[49]  M. Kiggundu Task interdependence and job design: test of a theory. , 1983, Organizational behavior and human performance.

[50]  H. P. Sims,et al.  A Typology for Integrating Technology, Organization, and Job Design , 1980 .

[51]  Jacob Cohen,et al.  Applied multiple regression/correlation analysis for the behavioral sciences , 1979 .

[52]  J. Fleiss,et al.  Intraclass correlations: uses in assessing rater reliability. , 1979, Psychological bulletin.

[53]  John M. Jermier,et al.  Substitutes for leadership: Their meaning and measurement , 1978 .

[54]  Richard,et al.  Motivation through the Design of Work: Test of a Theory. , 1976 .

[55]  Edward L. Deci,et al.  Intrinsic Motivation and Self-Determination in Human Behavior , 1975, Perspectives in Social Psychology.

[56]  Dale E. Zand Trust and Managerial Problem Solving , 1972 .

[57]  D. Pugh,et al.  Dimensions of Organization Structure , 1968 .

[58]  M. Deutsch Trust and suspicion , 1958 .

[59]  L. Thompson,et al.  Conflict within and between organizational groups: Functional, dysfunctional, and quasi-functional perspectives , 2007 .

[60]  Dustin K. Jundt,et al.  Teams in organizations: from input-process-output models to IMOI models. , 2005, Annual review of psychology.

[61]  Paul E. Spector,et al.  The Stressor-Emotion Model of Counterproductive Work Behavior. , 2005 .

[62]  Paul E. Spector,et al.  Counterproductive work behavior: Investigations of actors and targets. , 2005 .

[63]  Karen A. Jehn,et al.  INTRAGROUP CONFLICT IN ORGANIZATIONS: A CONTINGENCY PERSPECTIVE ON THE CONFLICT-OUTCOME RELATIONSHIP , 2003 .

[64]  Linda Deleon Accountability for Individuating Behaviors in Self-Managing Teams , 2001 .

[65]  R. Golembiewski Handbook of Organizational Behavior , 2001 .

[66]  E.,et al.  GROUPS : INTERACTION AND PERFORMANCE , 2001 .

[67]  S. Kozlowski,et al.  A multilevel approach to theory and research in organizations: Contextual, temporal, and emergent processes. , 2000 .

[68]  P. Bliese Within-group agreement, non-independence, and reliability: Implications for data aggregation and analysis. , 2000 .

[69]  Roderick M. Kramer,et al.  Trust and distrust in organizations: emerging perspectives, enduring questions. , 1999, Annual review of psychology.

[70]  Aneil Mishra ORGANIZATIONAL RESPONSES TO CRISIS: THE CENTRALITY OF TRUST , 1996 .

[71]  Roderick M. Kramer,et al.  Swift trust and temporary groups. , 1996 .

[72]  R. E. Miles,et al.  Trust in organizations: A conceptual framework linking organizational forms, managerial philosophies, and the opportunity costs of controls. , 1996 .

[73]  R. Lewicki,et al.  Developing and Maintaining Trust in Work Relationships , 1996 .

[74]  Edwin A. Locke,et al.  Cognitive and motivational effects of participation: A mediator study , 1994 .

[75]  Richard A. Guzzo,et al.  Group performance and intergroup relations in organizations. , 1992 .

[76]  J. Hackman,et al.  The psychology of self-management in organizations , 1986 .

[77]  D. A. Kenny,et al.  The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. , 1986, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[78]  J. Richard Hackman,et al.  Psychology and work : productivity, change, and employment , 1986 .

[79]  E. Shils The Constitution Of Society , 1982 .

[80]  James D. Thompson Organizations in Action , 1967 .