Bioremediation of wastewater for reutilization in agricultural systems: A review

The bioremediation is a technique used in descontamination water, soil, o sludge, which consist of the use of living microorganisms and plant for degradation of pollutants by metabolic processes. Wastewater is often used in agriculture due to the limited availability of water resource, but also because wastewater provides nutrients for crops, and reduces cost production for some agricultural regions. However, its reuse as a source of irrigation in agriculture must first involve the use of bioremediation techniques. Until 2012, in Mexico, treated municipal wastewater accounted for about 50% of all wastewater generated. This suggests that greater efforts are needed to generate efficient alternatives to increase the volume of treated wastewater, and thus meet the demand for this resource in the agricultural sector. This review discusses in general the use and reuse of treated wastewater through bioremediation techniques. The objetive of this research is to review the state of the art bioremediation and wastewater reuse for agriculture in Mexico.