Survey of VLC and OCC Applications on Tourism Industry: Potentials & Challenges

In this work we explore the potential applications of visible light Communications on the tourism industry, considering high speed links (indoor systems using LED or eventually lasers) or low speed services (using classical VLC receivers or camera-based systems -OCC-). We have made a survey with an expert panel to discover advantages, challenges, possible disadvantages or contributions to the destination or tourism facility image. We also have explored the state-of-the-art applications of this technology focused in three scenarios: the traveler itself, the tourism facility (hotels, restaurants, museums…) and the whole tourism destination (the city or territory where the tourist is received).

[1]  Mostafa Zaman Chowdhury,et al.  A Comparative Survey of Optical Wireless Technologies: Architectures and Applications , 2018, IEEE Access.

[2]  R. Pérez-Jiménez,et al.  Correlation-based receiver for optical camera communications. , 2019, Optics express.

[3]  Jean-Paul M. G. Linnartz,et al.  Joint illumination and visible-Light Communication systems: Data rates and extra power consumption , 2015, 2015 IEEE International Conference on Communication Workshop (ICCW).

[4]  Dimitrios Buhalis,et al.  Smart Tourism Destinations , 2014, ENTER.

[5]  P. Nijkamp,et al.  Smart Cities in Europe , 2011 .

[6]  Rafael Perez-Jimenez,et al.  Visible light communication systems for optical video transmission , 2010 .

[7]  Nicolas Krommenacker,et al.  A self-adaptive cell-ID positioning system based on visible light communications in underground mines , 2016, 2016 IEEE International Conference on Automatica (ICA-ACCA).

[8]  Marco Gruteser,et al.  Reading between the pixels: Photographic steganography for camera display messaging , 2016, 2017 IEEE International Conference on Computational Photography (ICCP).

[9]  Zabih Ghassemlooy,et al.  Optical Camera Communications , 2016 .

[10]  Gabriele Abels,et al.  Interviewing Experts in Political Science: A Reflection on Gender and Policy Effects Based on Secondary Analysis , 2009 .

[11]  Zabih Ghassemlooy,et al.  Emerging Optical Wireless Communications-Advances and Challenges , 2015, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications.

[12]  Minna Pura.  Linking perceived value and loyalty in location‐based mobile services , 2005 .

[13]  Yang Liu,et al.  Visible light communications for the implementation of internet-of-things , 2016 .

[14]  Natalia M. Libakova,et al.  The Method of Expert Interview as an Effective Research Procedure of Studying the Indigenous Peoples of the North , 2015 .

[15]  L. Dwyer,et al.  Tourism gateways and regional economies: the distributional impacts of MICE , 1999 .

[16]  Jose Martin Luna-Rivera,et al.  Visible light communications technologies for smart tourism destinations , 2015, 2015 IEEE First International Smart Cities Conference (ISC2).

[17]  Thomas Kamalakis,et al.  Visible-light communication system enabling 73 Mb/s data streaming , 2010, 2010 IEEE Globecom Workshops.

[18]  G. Cossu,et al.  Experimental demonstration of high speed underwater visible light communications , 2013, 2013 2nd International Workshop on Optical Wireless Communications (IWOW).

[19]  Dimitrios Buhalis,et al.  SoCoMo marketing for travel and tourism: Empowering co-creation of value , 2015 .

[20]  Kyoung-Rok Cho,et al.  Experiments on radio interference between wireless LAN and other radio devices on a 2.4 GHz ISM band , 2003, The 57th IEEE Semiannual Vehicular Technology Conference, 2003. VTC 2003-Spring..

[21]  Trang Nguyen,et al.  High-speed asynchronous Optical Camera Communication using LED and rolling shutter camera , 2015, 2015 Seventh International Conference on Ubiquitous and Future Networks.

[22]  Ton Koonen,et al.  Indoor Optical Wireless Systems: Technology, Trends, and Applications , 2018, Journal of Lightwave Technology.

[23]  Lajos Hanzo,et al.  User-Centric Visible Light Communications for Energy-Efficient Scalable Video Streaming , 2017, IEEE Transactions on Green Communications and Networking.

[25]  Lutz H.-J. Lampe,et al.  Physical-layer security for indoor visible light communications , 2014, 2014 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC).

[26]  A. Leitner,et al.  Between Scientific Standards and Claims to Efficiency: Expert Interviews in Programme Evaluation , 2009 .

[27]  Trang Nguyen,et al.  Current Status and Performance Analysis of Optical Camera Communication Technologies for 5G Networks , 2017, IEEE Access.

[28]  Rafael Perez-Jimenez,et al.  Optical camera communication for smart cities , 2017, 2017 IEEE/CIC International Conference on Communications in China (ICCC Workshops).

[29]  Alin-Mihai Căilean,et al.  Current Challenges for Visible Light Communications Usage in Vehicle Applications: A Survey , 2017, IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials.