A Randomized, Controlled Trial of Quadriceps Resistance Exercise and Vitamin D in Frail Older People: The Frailty Interventions Trial in Elderly Subjects (FITNESS)

OBJECTIVES:  To determine the effectiveness of vitamin D and home‐based quadriceps resistance exercise on reducing falls and improving the physical health of frail older people after hospital discharge.

[1]  J. Mahoney,et al.  Immobility and falls. , 1998, Clinics in geriatric medicine.

[2]  John E. Ware,et al.  SF-36 physical and mental health summary scales : a user's manual , 1994 .

[3]  Nancy Devlin,et al.  Effectiveness and economic evaluation of a nurse delivered home exercise programme to prevent falls. 1: Randomised controlled trial , 2001, BMJ : British Medical Journal.

[4]  W. Applegate,et al.  A randomized trial comparing aerobic exercise and resistance exercise with a health education program in older adults with knee osteoarthritis. The Fitness Arthritis and Seniors Trial (FAST). , 1997, JAMA.

[5]  S B Roberts,et al.  Exercise training and nutritional supplementation for physical frailty in very elderly people. , 1994, The New England journal of medicine.

[6]  R. Simpson,et al.  Identification of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 receptors and activities in muscle. , 1985, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[7]  R. Cumming,et al.  Interventions for preventing falls in elderly people. , 2003, The Cochrane database of systematic reviews.

[8]  G E Dallal,et al.  Longitudinal muscle strength changes in older adults: influence of muscle mass, physical activity, and health. , 2001, The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences.

[9]  Peter R. Cavanagh,et al.  Exercise and physical activity for older adults , 1998 .

[10]  D. Felson,et al.  The efficacy of home based progressive strength training in older adults with knee osteoarthritis: a randomized controlled trial. , 2001, The Journal of rheumatology.

[11]  M K Goldstein,et al.  Screening for Frailty: Criteria and Predictors of Outcomes , 1991, Journal of the American Geriatrics Society.

[12]  B. E. Maki,et al.  Measuring balance in the elderly: validation of an instrument. , 1992, Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique.

[13]  D M Buchner,et al.  Unstable disability and the fluctuations of frailty. , 1997, Age and ageing.

[14]  K. R. Johnson,et al.  Prophylactic vitamin D in the elderly. , 1980, Age and Ageing.

[15]  M. Bond,et al.  The Adelaide Activities Profile: A measure of the lifestyle activities of elderly people , 1995 .

[16]  I. Reid Therapy of osteoporosis: calcium, vitamin D, and exercise. , 1996, The American journal of the medical sciences.

[17]  B. Hollis,et al.  Functional Improvement with Vitamin D Replenishment in a Cohort of Frail, Vitamin D‐Deficient Older People , 1995, Journal of the American Geriatrics Society.

[18]  K. Hauer,et al.  Exercise Training for Rehabilitation and Secondary Prevention of Falls in Geriatric Patients with a History of Injurious Falls , 2001, Journal of the American Geriatrics Society.

[19]  Suzanne G. Leveille,et al.  1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 and muscle strength in the elderly: a randomized controlled trial. , 1991, The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism.

[20]  S. Folstein,et al.  "Mini-mental state". A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. , 1975, Journal of psychiatric research.

[21]  H. Ogata,et al.  Test-retest and inter-method reliability of the self-rating Barthel Index , 1997, Clinical rehabilitation.

[22]  Diane Podsiadlo,et al.  The Timed “Up & Go”: A Test of Basic Functional Mobility for Frail Elderly Persons , 1991, Journal of the American Geriatrics Society.

[23]  M. Stein,et al.  Falls Relate to Vitamin D and Parathyroid Hormone in an Australian Nursing Home and Hostel , 1999, Journal of the American Geriatrics Society.

[24]  K D Henry,et al.  Effect of number of home exercises on compliance and performance in adults over 65 years of age. , 1999, Physical therapy.

[25]  E H Wagner,et al.  The effect of strength and endurance training on gait, balance, fall risk, and health services use in community-living older adults. , 1997, The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences.

[26]  S. Day,et al.  Sample size estimation for comparing two or more treatment groups in clinical trials. , 1991, Statistics in medicine.

[27]  M. Tinetti,et al.  Risk factors for falls among elderly persons living in the community. , 1988, The New England journal of medicine.

[28]  A M Jette,et al.  Exercise--it's never too late: the strong-for-life program. , 1999, American journal of public health.

[29]  S. Studenski,et al.  Is lower extremity strength gain associated with improvement in physical performance and disability in frail, community-dwelling elders? , 1998, Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation.

[30]  T M Morgan,et al.  Functional outcomes of acute medical illness and hospitalization in older persons. , 1996, Archives of internal medicine.

[31]  C. Rbsner Do vitamin D supplements improve the physical capabilities of elderly hospital patients ? , 2005 .

[32]  R. Cohen,et al.  Do vitamin D supplements improve the physical capabilities of elderly hospital patients? , 1985, Age and ageing.

[33]  M J Campbell,et al.  Statistics in Medicine: Calculating confidence intervals for some non-parametric analyses , 1988 .

[34]  S. Gibson,et al.  Fear of falling revisited. , 1996, Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation.

[35]  H. Minne,et al.  Effects of a Short‐Term Vitamin D and Calcium Supplementation on Body Sway and Secondary Hyperparathyroidism in Elderly Women , 2000, Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

[36]  J. Judge,et al.  Effects of Resistive and Balance Exercises on Isokinetic Strength in Older Persons , 1994, Journal of the American Geriatrics Society.

[37]  Ack,et al.  LOWER-EXTREMITY FUNCTION IN PERSONS OVER THE AGE OF 70 YEARS AS A PREDICTOR OF SUBSEQUENT DISABILITY , 2001 .

[38]  M. Fiatarone,et al.  Effects of High-Intensity Strength Training on Multiple Risk Factors for Osteoporotic Fractures: A Randomized Controlled Trial , 1994 .

[39]  Assessment of reliability of the hand-held dynamometer for measuring strength in healthy older adults , 1998 .