Monoglyceride and Diglyceride Production Through Lipase-Catalyzed Glycerolysis and Molecular Distillation

Distilled glycerides are obtained through distillation of the system mono-diglycerides which is produced from the esterification reaction between a triglyceride with glycerol. In this work, monoglycerides (MG) and diglycerides (DG) are produced through lipase-catalyzed glycerolysis of soybean oil using Candida antarctica B in a solvent-free system. To separate the products of the reaction in order to obtain essentially MG and an oil of DG, it is necessary to use a suitable process in order to preserve the stability of the components and to keep the products free of inappropriate solvents. So, after 24 h of enzymatic reaction, the mixture of acylglycerols and fatty acids was distilled into a centrifugal molecular distiller, since it provides a free solvent and lower temperature environment to increase the desired product concentration. Starting from a material with 25.06% of triglycerides (TG), 46.63% of DG, 21.72% of MG, 5.38% of free fatty acids (FFA), and 1.21% of glycerol, the MG purity in the distillate stream was 80% at evaporator temperature (TE) equal to 250 °C and feed flow rate (Q) equal to 10.0 mL/min. At these conditions, the MG recovery was 35%. The material collected in the residue stream presented DG-enriched oil with TG unhydrolyzed, residual MG, and low acidity (29.83% of TG, 53.20% of DG, 15.64% of MG, and 1.33% of FFA), which is suitable to replace TG oil in the human diet.

[1]  C. B. Batistella,et al.  Recovery of carotenoids from palm oil by molecular distillation , 1998 .

[2]  M. R. Wolf-Maciel,et al.  Monoglycerides and Diglycerides Synthesis in a Solvent-Free System by Lipase-Catalyzed Glycerolysis , 2008, Applied biochemistry and biotechnology.

[3]  T. Yamane,et al.  Production of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid-enriched fish oil by lipase-catalyzed acidolysis without solvent , 1992 .

[4]  Yomi Watanabe,et al.  Purification of tocopherols and phytosterols by a two-step in situ enzymatic reaction , 2004 .

[5]  Xuebing Xu,et al.  Diacylglycerol synthesis by enzymatic glycerolysis: Screening of commercially available lipases , 2005 .

[6]  H. Aksoy,et al.  Partial purification of nigella sativa L. Seed lipase and its application in hydrolytic reactions. Enrichment of γ-linolenic acid from borage oil , 2003 .

[7]  R. Bodmeier,et al.  Low viscosity monoglyceride-based drug delivery systems transforming into a highly viscous cubic phase , 1998 .

[8]  M. R. Wolf-Maciel,et al.  Effect of Operating Conditions on the Concentration of Monoglycerides Using Molecular Distillation , 2007 .

[9]  H. Itakura,et al.  Energy value and digestibility of dietary oil containing mainly 1,3-diacylglycerol are similar to those of triacylglycerol , 2001, Lipids.

[10]  C. Torres,et al.  Preparation of purified acylglycerols of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid and their re-esterification with conjugated linoleic acid , 2003 .

[11]  Zhongping Shi,et al.  Dietary diacylglycerol prevents high-fat diet-induced lipid accumulation in rat liver and abdominal adipose tissue , 2004, Lipids.

[12]  C. A. Burtis,et al.  Chemical engineering research , 1974 .

[13]  K. Nakanishi,et al.  Optimization of reaction conditions for the production of DAG using immobilized 1,3-regiospecific lipase lipozyme RM IM , 2003 .

[14]  J. Cvengroš.  Three‐Stage wiped‐film molecular evaporator: Design and application , 1995 .

[15]  A. H-Kittikun,et al.  Continuous production of monoacylglycerols by glycerolysis of palm olein with immobilized lipase , 2005 .