Chapter 30 Cell Cycle Extracts

Publisher Summary This chapter reviews the early Xenopus cycle and the history of cell cycle extracts. The early Xenopus cell cycles are controlled by the activation and inactivation of a protein kinase named maturation-promoting factor (MPF). MPF is also known as the cdc2 kinase and growth-associated histone H1 kinase, and consists of two principal subunits, the catalytic p34 cdc2 subunit and cyclin. Activation of MPF induces both mitosis and meiosis, whereas its inactivation triggers the onset of anaphase and the progression into interphase. The fluctuation of MPF activity in early Xenopus embryos is discussed in the chapter. The chapter discusses the methods for preparing and utilizing frog cell cycle extracts. Female frogs are primed for ovulation by injecting them with pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) and then induced to ovulate by a subsequent injection of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG). The chapter also describes sperm nucleus preparation.

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