Cochlear implant performance after reimplantation: a multicenter study.

OBJECTIVE This study compares auditory performance between original and replacement cochlear implants. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING Data from 18 U.S. cochlear implant programs were obtained by retrospective chart review. Patients received and returned subjective questionnaires. PATIENTS Twenty-eight adults with once-functioning Nucleus 22 cochlear implants that failed received replacement Nucleus 22 cochlear implants in the same ears. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Objective measures included sentence (CID Everyday Sentences or Iowa Sentences) and monosyllabic word (NU-6 Words or CNC Words) speech discrimination scores. Patients also rated and compared performance using subjective scales. RESULTS Thirty-seven percent of patients had significantly higher sentence or word scores with their replacement cochlear implants than with their original implants, 26% had no significant change, and 37% had significantly poorer scores. Subjectively, 57% of patients reported that the performance of their replacement device was better or the same and 43% reported that it was poorer. There was no correlation between performance with the replacement cochlear implant and cause of the original device failure, duration of original device use before failure, surgical complications with either implantation, changes in electrode insertion depths, or preoperative variables, such as age, etiology, or duration of deafness. CONCLUSIONS Speech recognition ability with a replacement cochlear implant may significantly increase or decrease from that with the original implant. Experienced cochlear implant patients facing reimplantation must be counseled regarding the possibility of differences in sound quality and speech recognition performance with their replacement device.