Heat Transfer Characteristics of Endothermic Hydrocarbon Fuel in C/SiC Composites Cooling Channels

Regenerative cooling is one of the most effective thermal protection techniques for hypersonic vehicles. Because of the low density and high-temperature resistance of C/SiC composites, they have great potential to improve the cooling capacity of thermal protection systems. In this study, three regenerative cooling configurations applying C/SiC composites channels for a cylindrical ramjet engine combustion chamber are designed. The heat transfer characteristics and the mass flow distribution of endothermic hydrocarbon fuel in the composites channels under the influence of the cooling equivalence ratio (0.4$\sim$1.0) and the anisotropic thermal conductivity are investigated. The results show that C/SiC composites can significantly improve the heat resistance of the whole regenerative cooling structure, which prevents the inner metallic cooling structure from exceeding the material maximum service temperature. However, flow distribution deterioration phenomenon can be observed in the cooling channels due to the decrease in coolant density and the increase of channel flow resistance under certain conditions. C/SiC composites with higher thermal conductivity in the circumferential direction are found to be beneficial for the uniformity of temperature distribution.

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