Engineering Turbulence Models and their Development, with Emphasis on Explicit Algebraic Reynolds Stress Models

Single-point turbulence models will be discussed from a somewhat analytical point of view. The lowest level of modelling considered here is that of eddy-viscosity-based two-equation models, but particular attention is given to explicit algebraic Reynolds stress models (and explicit algebraic scalar flux models). Some new trends in models based directly on the Reynolds stress transport equations are also discussed.