Planck early results. XXVI. Detection with Planck and confirmation by XMM-Newton of PLCK G266.6–27.3, an exceptionally X-ray luminous and massive galaxy cluster at z ~ 1

We present first results on PLCK G266.6−27.3, a galaxy cluster candidate detected at a signal-to-noise ratio of 5 in the Planck All Sky survey. An XMM-Newton validation observation has allowed us to confirm that the candidate is a bona fide galaxy cluster. With these X-ray data we measure an accurate redshift, z = 0.94 ± 0.02, and estimate the cluster mass to be M500 = (7.8 ± 0.8) × 10 14 M� . PLCK G266.6−27.3 is an exceptional system: its luminosity of LX[0.5−2. 0k eV]= (1.4 ± 0.05) × 10 45 erg s −1 equals that of the two most luminous known clusters in the z > 0.5 universe, and it is one of the most massive clusters at z ∼ 1. Moreover, unlike the majority of high-redshift clusters, PLCK G266.6−27.3 appears to be highly relaxed. This observation confirms Planck’s capability of detecting high-redshift, high-mass clusters, and opens the way to the systematic study of population evolution in the exponential tail of the mass function.

G. W. Pratt | J. Aumont | S. Masi | L. Montier | N. Ponthieu | D. L. Clements | J. R. Bond | L. Toffolatti | F. Pasian | B. P. Crill | G. Savini | A. Catalano | M. Frailis | J. Borrill | M. L. Brown | A. Gruppuso | E. Hivon | G. Morgante | P. Natoli | F. Piacentini | F. Cuttaia | L. Terenzi | S. Borgani | O. Dor'e | S. Galeotta | M. Bersanelli | C. Burigana | O. D'Arcangelo | N. Mandolesi | R. Rebolo | M. Turler | E. Pointecouteau | W. C. Jones | G. Polenta | I. Ristorcelli | F. Perrotta | S. R. Hildebrandt | A. Moneti | H. K. Eriksen | C. Dickinson | A. J. Banday | C. R. Lawrence | I. J. O'Dwyer | D. Harrison | A. Mennella | P. B. Lilje | B. D. Wandelt | K. Ganga | G. Lagache | P. Vielva | H. Dahle | X. Dupac | J. P. Rachen | A. Zacchei | D. Maino | L. Perotto | M. Douspis | S. D. M. White | A. Benoit | F.-X. D'esert | J. F. Mac'ias-P'erez | J. G. Bartlett | J. Delabrouille | S. Matarrese | L. Valenziano | A. Zonca | T. S. Kisner | N. Vittorio | T. Poutanen | M. Arnaud | M. Tomasi | C. M. Cantalupo | A. H. Jaffe | O. Forni | G. Patanchon | P. Fosalba | S. Donzelli | M. Juvela | P. Mazzotta | A. Gregorio | R. B. Barreiro | D. Scott | C. Renault | D. Munshi | I. Flores-Cacho | R. Keskitalo | E. Saar | B. Cappellini | E. Franceschi | M. Le Jeune | T. Riller | L. Danese | C. Baccigalupi | L. Mendes | G. de Gasperis | H. Bohringer | H. U. Norgaard-Nielsen | J. M. Diego | G. Hurier | S. Ricciardi | M. White | A. Da Silva | H. Kurki-Suonio | L. Popa | J.-L. Starck | Jean-Luc Starck | J. Starck | F. Pasian | L. Valenziano | H. Kurki-Suonio | P. Lilje | N. Aghanim | J. Bartlett | C. Baccigalupi | K. Benabed | P. Fosalba | J. Weller | G. Morgante | M. Douspis | S. Borgani | J. Delouis | M. Frailis | A. Zacchei | S. Colombi | A. Melchiorri | R. G'enova-Santos | J. Rubino-Mart'in | M. White | O. Forni | T. Ensslin | E. Hivon | A. Banday | F. Hansen | M. Reinecke | M. Hobson | A. Lasenby | B. Wandelt | F. Bouchet | S. Matarrese | A. Balbi | J. Borrill | P. 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