Seasonal Food Habits of European Wild Hogs (Sus Scrofa) in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park

This s tudy wa s conduc ted on the Tennes see s ide of the Great Smoky Mountains Na tiona l Park from the fa l l of 1971 to the spring of 1973 . Sea sona l food hab i ts informa tion of the European wi ld hog {Sus scro fa) was obtained by the ana lyses of s tomach contents . Hogs ate primarily plant materia l in a l l seasons . Gra sses {Gramineae) were the mos t important food i tem in the spring . Grasses were important to hogs in the s ummer , as were the fruits of Gay lus sac ia sp . , Vaccinium sp . , and Ma lus sp . R oots were the major food i tem in the fa ll and winter months , a lthough the mas t of Quercus sp . and Carya sp . was important when ava i lab le . Anima l matter consumed consis ted primari ly of invertebrates , sa lamanders , and sma l l mamma l s . Invertebrates were the mos t frequently found anima l food . To ta l volume of animal matter was sma l l . Eva lua tion o f rooting site s supplemen ted the s tomach ana lyses in determining some food s eaten by wild hogs . Such eva luations were highly subjective , however , and the de lin­ eation o f specific food i tems was d i f ficult . Increased rooting and concomi tant damage may be a s sociated with years o f low mas t production .

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