GENETIC VARIATION, SELECTION AND SPECIATION IN THOMOMYS TALPOIDES POCKET GOPHERS

Variation of genotype frequencies is the basic raw material of evolution and knowledge of its changing patterns in space and time is indispensible for both phyletic and speciation theories. And yet, despite widespread high genic variation disclosed electrophoretically in a variety of sexually reproducing organisms, neither its relevance to natural selection nor its quantitative changes during species formation are clearly established (see Lewontin, 1974 and references therein). Both experimental and observational evidence is still badly needed to assess the evolutionary significance of neutral and selection theories. In particular, the relevance and relative contribution of environmental, historical, and populational patterns to heterozygosity are hardly known at present. If heterozygosity is evolutionarily significant its degree and pattern must vary widely, within and between species, in accord with environmental complexity, history and population structure and dynamics. Most heterozygosity

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