Telehealth in audiology: The need and potential to reach underserved communities

Abstract Permanent hearing loss is a leading global health care burden, with 1 in 10 people affected to a mild or greater degree. A shortage of trained healthcare professionals and associated infrastructure and resource limitations mean that hearing health services are unavailable to the majority of the world population. Utilizing information and communication technology in hearing health care, or tele-audiology, combined with automation offer unique opportunities for improved clinical care, widespread access to services, and more cost-effective and sustainable hearing health care. Tele-audiology demonstrates significant potential in areas such as education and training of hearing health care professionals, paraprofessionals, parents, and adults with hearing disorders; screening for auditory disorders; diagnosis of hearing loss; and intervention services. Global connectivity is rapidly growing with increasingly widespread distribution into underserved communities where audiological services may be facilitated through telehealth models. Although many questions related to aspects such as quality control, licensure, jurisdictional responsibility, certification and reimbursement still need to be addressed; no alternative strategy can currently offer the same potential reach for impacting the global burden of hearing loss in the near and foreseeable future. Sumario La pérdida auditiva permanente es una importante carga para los cuidados de la salud a nivel mundial, con 1 de cada 10 personas afectadas en grado ligero o mayor. La escasez de profesionales entrenados en cuidados de la salud y de infraestructura asociada y la limitación de recursos determina que los servicios de salud auditiva no estén disponibles para la mayoría de la población mundial. La utilización de información y tecnología de la comunicación para los cuidados de la salud auditiva o teleaudiología, combinada con la automatización, ofrece oportunidades únicas para mejorar los cuidados clínicos, ampliar el acceso a los servicios y tener cuidados de salud auditiva costoefectivos y sustentables. La Teleaudiología ha demostrado un potencial significativo en áreas como las de educación y adiestramientio de profesionales de la salud auditiva, profesionales afines, padres y adultos con problemas auditivos; tamiz de problemas auditivos; diagnóstico de pérdidas auditivas y servicios de intervención. La conectividad global está creciendo rápidamente y ha aumentado de manera generalizada su distribución en comunidades con pocos servicios, en donde los servicios audiológicos pueden facilitarse a través de modelos de telesalud. No obstante, existen muchas dudas que deben resolverse y que están relacionadas con aspectos como control de calidad, regulación del ejercicio profesional, responsabilidad jurisdiccional, certificación y reembolso de servicios, pero no existe como alternativa ninguna otra estrategia que pueda ofrecer actualmente el mismo potencial, para impactar el peso global de las pérdidas auditivas en el futuro cercano o previsible.

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