Analysis the Effects of Electric Vehicles on Distribution Networks with Simulations Based on Probabilistic Methods Şebekelerine Etkilerinin Olasılıksal Yöntemlere Dayalı Simülasyonlar ile Analizi

As the number of electric vehicles (EV) increases, technical concerns deal with additional load introduced by charging of EVs connected to power distribution networks, are being discussed in the literature. Smart mechanisms such as incentivizing charging of EV’s to periods at minimum loading hours are being considered to mitigate additional loading effect of EVs on power grids. In this study, such effects and smart solutions are investigated through quantitative analyses. For this purpose, impact on EVs are simulated for a set of pilot distribution grids in Turkey. First, reference network models of the pilot regions, which do not include any EV load, are developed for the target year 2030. Then EV charging points in different technologies (slow and fast charging) are added to reference network models under two main scenarios; home charging support (HCS) and public charging support (PCS). Arrival times of EVs to the charging stations and state-of-charge (SOC) of EVs at arrival time are modelled with a stochastic approach. The effects of EVs on the pilot grids are quantified in terms of annual capacity factor (%), overloading (%) of the branches (transformers and lines), and voltage drop (%)